The present invention relates to a continuous micro-electro-flow reactor system for ultra-fast, oxidant free, C—C coupling reaction for making symmetrical biaryls and analogs thereof. This invention further relates to the said process for preparation of antiviral drug, daclatasvir of general formula I.

An electrode includes a substrate having a body and a plurality of elongate first lands projecting away from the body. Each pair of adjacent lands define a channel therebetween, where the plurality of elongate first lands defines a plurality of first channels. The substrate defines an x-y-z coordinate system, where each of the plurality of elongate first lands defines a longitudinal axis about parallel to the x-y plane. Moreover, each of the plurality of elongate first lands projects away from the body by a height in the z-direction. In addition, the electrode includes an inlet and an outlet where the plurality of first channels are configured to allow flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet.

An electrode includes a substrate having a body and a plurality of elongate first lands projecting away from the body. Each pair of adjacent lands define a channel therebetween, where the plurality of elongate first lands defines a plurality of first channels. The substrate defines an x-y-z coordinate system, where each of the plurality of elongate first lands defines a longitudinal axis about parallel to the x-y plane. Moreover, each of the plurality of elongate first lands projects away from the body by a height in the z-direction. In addition, the electrode includes an inlet and an outlet where the plurality of first channels are configured to allow flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet.

An electrode including a metal coil and a metal wire is provided. The metal coil includes a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminium. The turns of the metal coil are separated by a gap. At least part of the metal wire is arranged inside the metal coil. The metal wire and the metal coil are in electrical contact. The metal wire includes a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminum. The metal wire and the metal coil are made of a same metal. The metal coil has a plurality of turns forming an elongated coil body with a central channel along a central axis of the metal coil. The metal wire extends longitudinally inside the central channel from one end of the metal coil to an other end of the metal coil along the central axis of the metal coil.

An electrode including a metal coil and a metal wire is provided. The metal coil includes a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminium. The turns of the metal coil are separated by a gap. At least part of the metal wire is arranged inside the metal coil. The metal wire and the metal coil are in electrical contact. The metal wire includes a metal selected from copper, silver, gold, nickel and aluminum. The metal wire and the metal coil are made of a same metal. The metal coil has a plurality of turns forming an elongated coil body with a central channel along a central axis of the metal coil. The metal wire extends longitudinally inside the central channel from one end of the metal coil to an other end of the metal coil along the central axis of the metal coil.

A reactor (100) for electrochemical synthesis is proposed. The reactor (100) comprises a vessel (102) configured to receive a reaction mixture comprising an electrolytic medium and at least one reactant, at least a first electrode (108), and at least a second electrode (110). The first electrode (108) and the second electrode (110) are arranged within the vessel (102) and inter-penetrate one another without electrical contact. The first electrode (108) and/or the second electrode (110) are three dimensionally grid-shaped, the first electrode (108) and the second electrode (110) being arranged so as to allow and/or purposefully direct a flow of the reaction mixture therebetween. Further, a method for carrying out an electrochemical synthesis is pro-posed.

A reactor (100) for electrochemical synthesis is proposed. The reactor (100) comprises a vessel (102) configured to receive a reaction mixture comprising an electrolytic medium and at least one reactant, at least a first electrode (108), and at least a second electrode (110). The first electrode (108) and the second electrode (110) are arranged within the vessel (102) and inter-penetrate one another without electrical contact. The first electrode (108) and/or the second electrode (110) are three dimensionally grid-shaped, the first electrode (108) and the second electrode (110) being arranged so as to allow and/or purposefully direct a flow of the reaction mixture therebetween. Further, a method for carrying out an electrochemical synthesis is pro-posed.

A hydrogel is formed by a reaction which is induced, in an electrolytic solution, by an electrode product electrochemically generated by electrodes installed in the electrolytic solution. An apparatus including an electrolytic tank with a bottom surface on which a two-dimensional array of working electrodes is provided and a counter electrode installed in the electrolytic tank is prepared. An electrolytic solution containing a dissolved substance that causes electrolytic deposition of a hydrogel is housed in the electrolytic tank. By applying a predetermined voltage to one or more selected working electrodes of the two-dimensional array, a hydrogel with a two-dimensional pattern corresponding to the arrangement of the selected working electrodes is formed.

A toothbrush includes a handle, a head at a distal end of the handle comprising a bristle plate, a hole extending through the bristle plate, a plurality of bristles at least partially disposed in the hole and extending from the hole in a direction away from the head, and a reservoir in fluid communication with the hole. Fluid in the reservoir enters the tuft holes and is wicked out of the head of the toothbrushes by capillaries formed between the bristles.

A toothbrush includes a handle, a head at a distal end of the handle comprising a bristle plate, a hole extending through the bristle plate, a plurality of bristles at least partially disposed in the hole and extending from the hole in a direction away from the head, and a reservoir in fluid communication with the hole. Fluid in the reservoir enters the tuft holes and is wicked out of the head of the toothbrushes by capillaries formed between the bristles.