An implant is provided comprising a substrate having one or more nanoceria coatings coated at least partially thereon, wherein the one or more nanoceria coatings comprise surface cerium having a 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that the one or more nanoceria coatings exhibit catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Methods are provided for forming a nanoceria coaling. The coating has nanoceria having a surface cerium 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that such that the coating exhibits catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Also disclosed is a method of reducing degradation of an implant by placing nanoceria in proximity to a bone-implant interface.

An implant is provided comprising a substrate having one or more nanoceria coatings coated at least partially thereon, wherein the one or more nanoceria coatings comprise surface cerium having a 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that the one or more nanoceria coatings exhibit catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Methods are provided for forming a nanoceria coaling. The coating has nanoceria having a surface cerium 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that such that the coating exhibits catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Also disclosed is a method of reducing degradation of an implant by placing nanoceria in proximity to a bone-implant interface.

A method is disclosed for treating an anodized metal surface. According to the method, polynuclear clusters comprising aluminum oxide hydroxide are applied to the anodized metal surface.

The invention relates to a method for grafting an organic film onto an electically conductive or semiconductive surface by electro-reduction of a solution, wherein the solution comprises one diazonium salt and one monomer bearing at least one chain polymerizable functional group. During the electrolyzing process, at least one protocols consisting of an electrical polarization of the surface by applying a variable potential over at least a range of values which are more cathodic that the reduction or peak potential of all diazonium salts in said solution is applied. The invention also relates to an electrically conducting or semiconducting surface obtained by implementing this method.

The invention further relates to electrolytic compositions.

The invention relates to a method for grafting an organic film onto an electically conductive or semiconductive surface by electro-reduction of a solution, wherein the solution comprises one diazonium salt and one monomer bearing at least one chain polymerizable functional group. During the electrolyzing process, at least one protocols consisting of an electrical polarization of the surface by applying a variable potential over at least a range of values which are more cathodic that the reduction or peak potential of all diazonium salts in said solution is applied. The invention also relates to an electrically conducting or semiconducting surface obtained by implementing this method.

The invention further relates to electrolytic compositions.

The disclosure provides a method comprising inducing a first current between a source of a countercharge and a first electrode, the first current being through an electrolyte. A second current is induced across the first electrode, the second current being transverse to the first current, and the second current inducing a relativistic charge across the first electrode.

The disclosure provides a method comprising inducing a first current between a source of a countercharge and a first electrode, the first current being through an electrolyte. A second current is induced across the first electrode, the second current being transverse to the first current, and the second current inducing a relativistic charge across the first electrode.

A method for synthesizing mesoporous lithium manganese dioxide micro/nanostructures, in accord with an implementation, includes preparing an aqueous metal salt solution by dissolving a lithium ion source and a manganese ion source in water, and subjecting the aqueous metal salt solution to an anodic electrodeposition process. The anodic electrodeposition process may include transferring the aqueous metal salt solution to an electrodeposition bath comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, such that the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are immersed in the transferred aqueous metal salt solution, and applying a pulse reverse current through the electrodeposition bath to obtain lithium manganese dioxide deposited on a surface of the anode electrode.

A method for synthesizing mesoporous lithium manganese dioxide micro/nanostructures, in accord with an implementation, includes preparing an aqueous metal salt solution by dissolving a lithium ion source and a manganese ion source in water, and subjecting the aqueous metal salt solution to an anodic electrodeposition process. The anodic electrodeposition process may include transferring the aqueous metal salt solution to an electrodeposition bath comprising an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, such that the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are immersed in the transferred aqueous metal salt solution, and applying a pulse reverse current through the electrodeposition bath to obtain lithium manganese dioxide deposited on a surface of the anode electrode.

A method is disclosed for treating an anodized metal surface. According to the method, polynuclear clusters comprising aluminum oxide hydroxide are applied to the anodized metal surface.