Provided herein are a symmetrical pincer metal and bimetallic complexes. The symmetrical pincer metal complex includes a structure according to Formula I: ##STR00001##
wherein M is a metal; each N and N′ is independently nitrogen or carbon; Z is selected from the group consisting of CH, C, and N; n is 0-3; each L is independently a neutral or charged ligand; and each R is independently an alkyl, Nx, CH.sub.2TMS. The symmetrical bimetallic complex includes a structure according to Formula II: ##STR00002##
wherein M is a metal; each N and N′ is independently nitrogen or carbon; Z is selected from the group consisting of CH, C, and N; n is 0-3; each L is independently a neutral or charged ligand; and wherein each R is independently an alkyl, Nx, CH.sub.2TMS. Also provided herein is a method of catalyzing a reaction including administering one or more of the compounds disclosed herein.

The present invention relates generally in gaseous oxygen propulsion systems with solid-phase chemical oxygen generation for in-space propulsion systems. Chemical oxygen generation is provided by alkali metal chlorates, alkali metal perchlorates or metal peroxides.

A device for holding a target gas comprises a compartment configured to hold the target gas. The device further comprises a gas generator configured and arranged to release the target gas in the compartment in response to a control signal. The device further comprises a reference sensor sensitive to the target gas and arranged to supply a sensor signal representing a concentration of the target gas in the compartment. A control unit is provided and configured to control the release of the target gas from the gas generator by way of the control signal, dependent on the sensor signal. The gas generator and the reference sensor are arranged in the compartment.

A device for generating singlet oxygen is provided. The device has a sensitizer that converts triplet oxygen to single oxygen upon exposure to light. The device is configured to keep the sensitizer from contacting external fluids.

A gas generator and a method of generating a gas are provided. A gas generator includes a cartridge having a solid reactant and a liquid reactant distributor provided therein, and a liquid reactant supply in fluid communication with the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant supply is configured to provide a liquid reactant under pressure to the liquid reactant distributor. The liquid reactant distributor comprises a plurality of normally closed holes configured to open at a predetermined fluid pressure to disperse the liquid reactant for reaction with the solid reactant in the cartridge.

A chemical oxygen core for a chemical oxygen generator includes at least one layer of an oxygen-generating composition. In some examples, the at least one layer comprises includes a metal powder fuel, a transition metal oxide catalyst, and an oxygen source. In various examples, the at least one layer includes less than approximately 0.1 percent by weight of the transition metal oxide catalyst. In certain examples, a chemical oxygen generator includes a chemical oxygen core and a perforated metal covering surrounding the chemical oxygen core along a length of the chemical oxygen core. In some aspects, the perforated metal covering has an opening ratio of approximately 0 to 100 percent.

Method and system for the combined production of methanol and of ammonia, and method for producing a fuel using methanol, wherein a carbon-containing energy carrier flow and an oxygen flow from an oxygen-producing assembly are fed to a synthesis gas reactor assembly for obtaining a synthesis gas flow with hydrogen and carbon oxides, wherein the synthesis gas flow is fed to a methanol reactor assembly for the partial conversion into methanol, and wherein, from the methanol reactor assembly, a residual gas flow is obtained from which a hydrogen-containing flow is obtained, which is at least partially fed to an ammonia reactor assembly and at least partially converted into ammonia there. In an enrichment step, the molar fraction of hydrogen in the synthesis gas flow obtained from the synthesis gas reactor assembly is increased relative to the molar fraction of carbon oxides prior to the feeding to the methanol reactor assembly.

A device for generating singlet oxygen is provided. The device has elongated posts extending from a surface, the lateral sides of which have particles with a sensitizer that converts triplet oxygen to single oxygen upon exposure to light. An optical fiber conveys light to the sensitizer and a gas supply tube conveys oxygen to the sensitizer. The device is configured to keep the sensitizer from contacting external fluids, such as saliva.

An ozone converter includes an outer housing having an inlet and an outlet and a core disposed within the outer housing, the core including a central passageway formed therein and passing thorough the core. The converter also includes an ozone control assembly that allows air to pass through the central passageway in an closed mode and prevents flow thorough the central passageway in an open mode, the assembly including cover flaps that cover a portion of the core in the closed mode and that do not cover the core in the open mode.

The present invention provides a solid-phase catalyst for decomposing hydrogen peroxide comprising a permanganate salt and a manganese (II) salt. The solid-phase catalyst stays a solid state in the form of nanoparticles at the time of hydrogen peroxide decomposition, and thus can be recovered for reuse and also has an excellent decomposition rate. In the method for producing a solid-phase catalyst for decomposing hydrogen peroxide according to the present invention, a solid-phase catalyst is produced from a solution containing a permanganate salt, a manganese (II) salt, and an organic acid, so that the produced solid-phase catalyst is precipitated as a solid component even after a catalytic reaction, and thus is reusable and environmentally friendly, and cost reduction can be achieved through the simplification of a catalyst production technique.