A lithiated carbon phosphonitride material is made by, for example, reacting P(CN).sub.3 with LiN(CN).sub.2 in solution (for example, dimethoxyethane or pyridine), then drying the solution to obtain the product. The material is a thermoset that is stable to over 400 C. and exhibits up to 10.sup.3 S.Math.cm2 of Li.sup.+ conductivity.

A lithiated carbon phosphonitride material is made by, for example, reacting P(CN).sub.3 with LiN(CN).sub.2 in solution (for example, dimethoxyethane or pyridine), then drying the solution to obtain the product. The material is a thermoset that is stable to over 400 C. and exhibits up to 10.sup.3 S.Math.cm2 of Li.sup.+ conductivity.

A method for producing an ionic conductive film is disclosed. The method includes preparing a precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution contains a framework compound having a single bond or double bond between phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N), a metal salt compound, and an organic solvent; preforming a solution process of the precursor solution in a non-vacuum condition to form a precursor film on a base; and preforming a heat-treating process of the precursor film to form a coated film containing metal-phosphorus-oxynitride.

A lithiated carbon phosphonitride material is made by, for example, reacting P(CN).sub.3 with LiN(CN).sub.2 in solution (for example, dimethoxyethane or pyridine), then drying the solution to obtain the product. The material is a thermoset that is stable to over 400 C. and exhibits up to 10.sup.3 S.Math.cm2 of Li.sup.+ conductivity.

A lithiated carbon phosphonitride material is made by, for example, reacting P(CN).sub.3 with LiN(CN).sub.2 in solution (for example, dimethoxyethane or pyridine), then drying the solution to obtain the product. The material is a thermoset that is stable to over 400 C. and exhibits up to 10.sup.3 S.Math.cm2 of Li.sup.+ conductivity.

A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, preferably an , ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester. The method includes contacting formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst includes a nitrided metal oxide having at least two types of metal cations, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2, wherein M.sup.1 is selected from the metals of group 2, 3, 4, 13 (called also IIIA) or 14 (called also IVA) of the periodic table and M2 is selected from the metals of groups 5 or 15 (called also VA) of the periodic table.

A method of producing an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester, preferably an , ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or ester. The method includes contacting formaldehyde or a suitable source thereof with a carboxylic acid or ester in the presence of a catalyst and optionally in the presence of an alcohol. The catalyst includes a nitrided metal oxide having at least two types of metal cations, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2, wherein M.sup.1 is selected from the metals of group 2, 3, 4, 13 (called also IIIA) or 14 (called also IVA) of the periodic table and M2 is selected from the metals of groups 5 or 15 (called also VA) of the periodic table.

Provided is a novel imidic acid compound having a divalent anion useful as a pharmaceutical intermediate, an agrochemical intermediate, an acid catalyst, a battery electrolyte or an antistatic agent. The imidic acid compound is a divalent imidic acid compound represented by the following general formula (1) or (2). ##STR00001##
[In formulae (1) and (2), R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 represent a fluorine atom or an organic groups selected from a linear or branched C1-10 alkoxy group, a C2-10 alkenyloxy group, a C2-10 alkynyloxy group, a C3-10 cycloalkoxy group, a C3-10 cycloalkenyloxy group and a C6-10 aryloxy group, and wherein a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom or an unsaturated bond may also be present in the organic group. M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 represent protons, metal cations or onium cations.]

Provided is a novel imidic acid compound having a divalent anion useful as a pharmaceutical intermediate, an agrochemical intermediate, an acid catalyst, a battery electrolyte or an antistatic agent. The imidic acid compound is a divalent imidic acid compound represented by the following general formula (1) or (2). ##STR00001##
[In formulae (1) and (2), R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 represent a fluorine atom or an organic groups selected from a linear or branched C1-10 alkoxy group, a C2-10 alkenyloxy group, a C2-10 alkynyloxy group, a C3-10 cycloalkoxy group, a C3-10 cycloalkenyloxy group and a C6-10 aryloxy group, and wherein a fluorine atom, an oxygen atom or an unsaturated bond may also be present in the organic group. M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 represent protons, metal cations or onium cations.]

A lithiated carbon phosphonitride material is made by, for example, reacting P(CN).sub.3 with LiN(CN).sub.2 in solution (for example, dimethoxyethane or pyridine), then drying the solution to obtain the product. The material is a thermoset that is stable to over 400 C. and exhibits up to 10.sup.3 S.Math.cm2 of Li.sup.+ conductivity.