Described herein are techniques that may be performed in an Integrated Energy System (IES) to produce Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) while minimizing a carbon footprint. Such techniques, as performed by a resource production plant, may comprise receiving electricity and steam from a power plant to produce Hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas from the steam at a Hydrogen (H.sub.2) production sub-plant, receiving electricity from the power plant and air from the environment to produce Nitrogen (N.sub.2) gas at a Nitrogen (N.sub.2) production sub-plant, producing Ammonia (NH.sub.3) from the Hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas and the Nitrogen (N.sub.2) gas at a nitrogen production sub-plant, and producing Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) from the Ammonia (NH.sub.3) at a Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) production sub-plant.

Described herein are techniques that may be performed in an Integrated Energy System (IES) to produce Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) while minimizing a carbon footprint. Such techniques, as performed by a resource production plant, may comprise receiving electricity and steam from a power plant to produce Hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas from the steam at a Hydrogen (H.sub.2) production sub-plant, receiving electricity from the power plant and air from the environment to produce Nitrogen (N.sub.2) gas at a Nitrogen (N.sub.2) production sub-plant, producing Ammonia (NH.sub.3) from the Hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas and the Nitrogen (N.sub.2) gas at a nitrogen production sub-plant, and producing Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) from the Ammonia (NH.sub.3) at a Nitric Acid (HNO.sub.3) production sub-plant.

A mixing system configured to inject an ammonia stream into a main airstream. The mixing system comprises an injection unit, a static mixing unit and distribution channel. The injection unit comprises a manifold and a plurality of injection tubes. Each injection tube is provided with an aperture configured to discharge the ammonia stream having a perpendicular direction to the flow direction of the mainstream.

A mixing system configured to inject an ammonia stream into a main airstream. The mixing system comprises an injection unit, a static mixing unit and distribution channel. The injection unit comprises a manifold and a plurality of injection tubes. Each injection tube is provided with an aperture configured to discharge the ammonia stream having a perpendicular direction to the flow direction of the mainstream.

Known catalyst systems for the catalytic combustion of ammonia to form nitrogen oxides consist of a plurality of catalyst gauze layers which are knitted, woven or braided from platinum-based precious metal wire, which form a catalyst package when arranged after one another when viewed in a fresh gas flow direction. In order to provide a catalyst system on this basis for use in a medium-pressure system, with which a yield of the main product NO comparable to the industry standard can be achieved despite the reduced precious metal use, according to the invention, the catalyst package is formed from a front assembly with three catalyst gauzes with a first average mass per unit area and a downstream assembly of catalyst gauze layers arranged after the front assembly and having a second average mass per unit area, wherein the average mass per unit area of the front assembly has a short weight in the region of 1.5% to 29% in relation to the second average mass per unit area, and the first average mass per unit area lies in the regions of 410 to 30 g/m.sup.2 and the second average mass per unit area lies in the region of 540 to 790 g/m.sup.2.

Known catalyst systems for the catalytic combustion of ammonia to form nitrogen oxides consist of a plurality of catalyst gauze layers which are knitted, woven or braided from platinum-based precious metal wire, which form a catalyst package when arranged after one another when viewed in a fresh gas flow direction. In order to provide a catalyst system on this basis for use in a medium-pressure system, with which a yield of the main product NO comparable to the industry standard can be achieved despite the reduced precious metal use, according to the invention, the catalyst package is formed from a front assembly with three catalyst gauzes with a first average mass per unit area and a downstream assembly of catalyst gauze layers arranged after the front assembly and having a second average mass per unit area, wherein the average mass per unit area of the front assembly has a short weight in the region of 1.5% to 29% in relation to the second average mass per unit area, and the first average mass per unit area lies in the regions of 410 to 30 g/m.sup.2 and the second average mass per unit area lies in the region of 540 to 790 g/m.sup.2.

A system for producing nitric acid at reduced power, the system being a standard dual pressure nitric acid plant further including features for splitting a tail gas stream into a first tail gas stream, in fluid communication with an oxygen-rich gas upstream the ammonia mixing unit, and a second tail gas stream, and features for adjusting the amount of tail gas being split into the first tail gas stream and the second tail gas stream, such that an air compressor is not required for operating the nitric acid plant. A method for operating the system, the use of the system for performing the method and, a method for revamping a standard dual pressure nitric acid plant into the system.

A system for producing nitric acid at reduced power, the system being a standard dual pressure nitric acid plant further including features for splitting a tail gas stream into a first tail gas stream, in fluid communication with an oxygen-rich gas upstream the ammonia mixing unit, and a second tail gas stream, and features for adjusting the amount of tail gas being split into the first tail gas stream and the second tail gas stream, such that an air compressor is not required for operating the nitric acid plant. A method for operating the system, the use of the system for performing the method and, a method for revamping a standard dual pressure nitric acid plant into the system.

A production plant for producing nitric acid at reduced power, the system being derived from a state-of-the art dual pressure nitric acid plant wherein the system further includes a first feature for splitting a tail gas stream into a first tail gas stream in fluid communication with compressed air and with an oxygen-rich gas and a second tail gas stream, and/or a feature for splitting a tail gas stream into a third tail gas stream in fluid communication with compressed air and with an oxygen-rich gas and a fourth tail gas stream. The production plant allows for reduction of power by the air compressor. A method for operating the system, the use of the system for performing the method, and a method for revamping a state-of-the-art dual pressure nitric acid plant into the system.

A system for producing nitric acid at reduced power, the system being a standard mono pressure nitric acid plant wherein the system further includes features for splitting a tail gas into a first tail gas stream in fluid communication with an oxygen-rich gas upstream the ammonia mixing unit, and a second tail gas stream, features for pressurizing a gas downstream the absorption tower, such that an air compressor is not required. A method for operating the system, the use of the system for performing the method, and a method for revamping a standard mono pressure nitric acid plant into the system.