Porous metal oxide microspheres are prepared via a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets of the dispersion; drying the droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres. The porous microspheres exhibit saturated colors and are suitable as colorants for a variety of end-uses.

Commercially beneficial carbon-containing fractions can be recovered from hydrothermal liquefaction reactions in various types of processors. Feedstock slurry from waste solids is placed into a pressurized processor where it is maintained at temperature and pressure for a predetermined period. On discharge from the processor the processed discharge is separated into liquid and solid fractions. Gaseous fractions including carbon dioxide can also be removed or off-taken from the processor. New molecular structures are created in this reaction, resulting in fractions including biogas, biofuels, biosolids and biocrude. Silica, phosphates, potash and low concentration nitrogen based fertilizer, along with carbonaceous material can also be recovered.

Provided are compositions that may be referred to as photoreactive compositions or inks. The compositions may have a plurality of reactive components, which are silica nanocages with one or more photoreactive ligand(s). Also provided are methods of making an article of manufacture. Also provided are articles of manufacture and uses thereof. The article of manufacture may be formed from a composition of the present disclosure.

Provided are compositions that may be referred to as photoreactive compositions or inks. The compositions may have a plurality of reactive components, which are silica nanocages with one or more photoreactive ligand(s). Also provided are methods of making an article of manufacture. Also provided are articles of manufacture and uses thereof. The article of manufacture may be formed from a composition of the present disclosure.

Described herein are compositions and methods for forming silicon oxide films. In one aspect, the film is deposited from at least one silicon precursor compound, wherein the at least one silicon precursor compound is selected from the following Formulae A and B: ##STR00001##
as defined herein.

An economic process for producing high quality finely divided silicon dioxide from mixtures comprising economical silicon compounds without operational disturbances is characterized by using as an Si source mixture of at least two silicon compounds, at least one being carbon-containing and at least one being carbon-free, supplying a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing source, the molar C/Si ratio of this mixture being between 10/BET and 35/BET, and the molar H/Cl ratio of this mixture being between 0.45+(BET/600) and 0.95+(BET/600), with BET being the specific surface area of the pyrogenic silicon dioxide under production, introducing this mixture as the main flow into a reaction space and igniting and reacting it, and isolating the resulting solid.

An economic process for producing high quality finely divided silicon dioxide from mixtures comprising economical silicon compounds without operational disturbances is characterized by using as an Si source mixture of at least two silicon compounds, at least one being carbon-containing and at least one being carbon-free, supplying a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing source, the molar C/Si ratio of this mixture being between 10/BET and 35/BET, and the molar H/Cl ratio of this mixture being between 0.45+(BET/600) and 0.95+(BET/600), with BET being the specific surface area of the pyrogenic silicon dioxide under production, introducing this mixture as the main flow into a reaction space and igniting and reacting it, and isolating the resulting solid.

A method for preparing inorganic macromolecular flocculant by polymerizing silicate and zirconium tetrachloride is disclosed and relates to the field of feed water treatment. The invention aims at the problem of poor efficiency of inorganic low-molecular zirconium salt flocculant in treating low-temperature raw water and blockage of flocculation, by copolymerization of polymeric zirconium chloride and polysilicic acid, the Si—O—Zr bond was formed to increase the molecular chain of the flocculant to strengthen the function of adsorption bridge and net capture sweep. Under low temperature, the flocculant can remove organic pollutants effectively, and the size of flocs formed is large and easy to precipitate. The invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of raw water at low temperature, low turbidity and high organics by enhanced coagulation.

Porous metal oxide microspheres are prepared via a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets of the dispersion; drying the droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres. The porous microspheres exhibit saturated colors and are suitable as colorants for a variety of end-uses.

Porous metal oxide microspheres are prepared via a process comprising forming a liquid dispersion of polymer nanoparticles and a metal oxide; forming liquid droplets of the dispersion; drying the droplets to provide polymer template microspheres comprising polymer nanospheres; and removing the polymer nanospheres from the template microspheres to provide the porous metal oxide microspheres. The porous microspheres exhibit saturated colors and are suitable as colorants for a variety of end-uses.