A method for providing a fuel includes providing a partially purified biogas at a first processing site, where the partially purified biogas is produced by multiple biogas sources and/or from multiple feedstock sources. The partially purified biogas is compressed, fed to a mobile tank, and transported by vehicle to a second processing site. At the second processing site, which may also receive biogas from a plurality of biogas sources, the partially purified biogas is further processed to produce a fuel or fuel intermediate.

The present disclosure provides a process for forming a biogenic carbon-based fuel or a fuel intermediate from biogenic carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The hydrogen is sourced from a process that produces hydrogen and fossil carbon dioxide from a fossil-fuel hydrocarbon and separates the fossil carbon dioxide from the hydrogen. The process may further comprise carrying out or arranging for one or more parties to carry out at least one step that contributes to a reduction in the GHG emissions of the biogenic carbon-based fuel, or a fuel made from the fuel intermediate, of at least 20% relative to a gasoline baseline. In various embodiments this includes (a) introducing the fossil carbon dioxide underground, and/or (b) using a biogenic carbon-based product selected from a chemical and energy product produced from the non-fossil organic material to displace the use or production of a corresponding fossil-based product.

A method of liquefying hydrogen, including dividing a hydrogen stream into at least a first fraction and a second fraction, introducing the first fraction into a refrigeration cycle of a hydrogen liquefaction unit, thereby liquefying a product hydrogen stream, withdrawing one or more warm hydrogen stream(s) from the hydrogen liquefaction unit, and returning the one or more warm hydrogen stream to the hydrogen stream, wherein the second fraction is combined with a high-pressure nitrogen stream to form an ammonia synthesis gas stream.

The invention relates to a PrOx reactor (R) comprising a housing that encloses a reaction space and has a first inlet (E1) for supply of a hydrogenous first gas (G1) to a reaction space, a second inlet (E2) for supply of an oxygenous second gas (G2) to the reaction space and an outlet (A) for discharge of a third gas (G3), wherein there is a multitude of conduits (Kv) extending from the second inlet (E2) into the reaction space, each of which comprises at least one opening (O) for supply of the second gas (G2) to the reaction space.

A system and method for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor having a pyrolysis conduit and a solids return conduit segment. Each segment is configured with an outlet and an inlet to receive and discharge solid materials that are circulated through the reactor through the different segments. A solids conveyor is disposed within the pyrolysis conduit segment to facilitate conveying solid materials from the solids inlet upward through the pyrolysis conduit segment toward the solids discharge outlet. A pyrolysis feedstock is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor and at least a portion of the feedstock is converted to pyrolysis gases within the pyrolysis conduit segment, which are discharged through a gas outlet.

Provided are processes for production of hydrogen to be used in various industrial processes, including in processes for production of ammonia and urea. Included are polygeneration processes that result in ultra-low emissions.

A burner for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of liquid or gaseous, carbon-containing fuels in the presence of an oxygen-containing oxidant and a moderator, which burner can be operated uncooled, i.e. without a fluid coolant being passed through the burner, is proposed. Steam or carbon dioxide or else mixtures of these materials are used as moderator. This is achieved by the feed channels being configured so that mixing of the fuel, the moderator and the oxidant occurs only outside the burner.

Process for the co-production of methanol and ammonia from a hydrocarbon feed without venting to the atmosphere carbon dioxide captured from the methanol or ammonia synthesis gas and without using expensive air separation units and water gas shift.

A process for the production of ammonia and urea in an ammonia-urea integrated plant comprising an ammonia section and a tied-in urea section, wherein a hydrocarbon is reformed to produce ammonia make-up synthesis gas; said make-up gas is purified by shift conversion and removal of carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide is removed from the make-up gas by a first and a second CO2 removal sections;the first section removes CO2 by absorption with a suitable medium, and the second section removes CO2 by washing with a carbamate solution taken from the urea section; the make-up gas is reacted to produce ammonia; the CO2 removed from the make-up gas and at least part of the ammonia are used to produce urea.

This is a system for generating hydrogen on-board the vehicle from compressed natural gas (CNG) in select ratios to create hydrogen-enriched CNG (HCNG) fuel for use in internal combustion engines. The on-board generation of hydrogen is comprised of a reforming system of CNG fuel with direct contact with exhaust gases. The reforming system controls for production of HCNG fuel mixtures is based on specific engine operating conditions. The vehicle's engine controls and operating parameters are modified for combustion of selective ratios of HCNG fuel mixtures throughout engine operating cycle. The reforming system controls and engine controls modifications are also used to minimize combustion emissions and optimize engine performance.