The invention relates to a process for preparing ammonia gas and CO.sub.2 for urea synthesis. In the process of the invention, a process gas containing nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide as main components is produced from a metallurgical gas. The metallurgical gas consists of blast furnace gas, or contains blast furnace gas at least as a mixing component. The process gas is fractionated to give a gas stream containing the CO.sub.2 component and a gas mixture consisting primarily of N.sub.2 and H.sub.2. An ammonia gas suitable for the urea synthesis is produced from the gas mixture by means of ammonia synthesis. CO.sub.2 is branched off from the CO.sub.2-containing gas stream in a purity and amount suitable for the urea synthesis.

The present invention relates to the use of a formulation which is liquid at ambient temperature comprising at least a mixture of benzene, toluene and xylene for the fixing and the release of hydrogen in at least one hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycle of said formulation.

The invention also relates to the use of said formulation for the transportation and the handling of hydrogen resulting from the steam cracking of petroleum products, of inevitable hydrogen resulting from chemical reactions, such as the electrolysis of salt, or of hydrogen resulting from the electrolysis of water.

A solution is provided for CO.sub.2 and other green houses gas reduction at the Coal Fired Power Plants (CFPP). The methods and devices disclosed herein provide an inexpensive source of hydrogen and a hydrogen generating system powered by on-site excess heat generated at the CFPP without producing additional CO.sub.2 emission.

Reactors are provided that can include a first set of fluid channels and a second set of fluid channels oriented in thermal contact with the first set of fluid channels. The reactor assemblies can also provide where the channels of either one or both of the first of the set of fluid channels are non-linear. Other implementations provide for at least one of the first set of fluid channels being in thermal contact with a plurality of other channels of the second set of fluid channels. Reactor assemblies are also provided that can include a first set of fluid channels defining at least one non-linear channel having a positive function, and a second set of fluid channels defining at least another non-linear channel having a negative function in relation to the positive function of the one non-linear channel of the first set of fluid channels. Processes for distributing energy across a reactor are provided. The processes can include transporting reactants via a first set of fluid channels to a second set of fluid channels, and thermally engaging at least one of the first set of fluid channels with at least two of the second set of fluid channels.

A system and method for converting natural gas to dimethyl ether (DME) are provided. An exemplary system includes a purified natural gas feed, a combustion chamber to combust a first portion of the natural gas to provide heat and an exhaust gas, and a separator to separate water and CO.sub.2 from the exhaust gas to form a first feed, a second portion of the natural gas forms a second feed. The system also includes a bi-reforming reactor comprising a bi-reforming catalyst to react the first feed and the second feed to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and a dimethyl ether (DME) reactor comprising a DME catalyst to form DME from the hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

A hydrocarbon production apparatus includes a synthesis gas production unit structured to produce a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen by using carbon dioxide and hydrogen, a hydrocarbon production unit structured to produce a hydrocarbon by using the synthesis gas, and a first separator structured to separate a recycle gas containing a light hydrocarbon having 4 or less carbon atoms from an effluent from the hydrocarbon production unit. The synthesis gas production unit is structured to receive supply of the recycle gas and also use the recycle gas for production of the synthesis gas.

The present invention relates to a process and a system for the production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide starting from a feed stream comprising carbon monoxide, which is reacted with water and a halogen reactant. The process in particular comprises the steps of: a) reacting in a first reaction zone a feed stream comprising carbon monoxide (CO) with water (H.sub.2O) and bromine (Br.sub.2) under reaction conditions effective to produce a gaseous CO.sub.2-containing effluent stream and an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide (HBr); and, b) supplying said aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide (HBr) to a second reaction zone and decomposing said hydrogen bromide (HBr) under conditions effective to produce a gaseous H.sub.2-rich stream and a stream comprising bromine (Br.sub.2), wherein said hydrogen bromide is decomposed in step b) by means of electrolysis.

Provided is a system for supplying a reformed product from by-product gas to a catalyst regenerator of a catalytic olefins production process. The system includes a reactor configured to mix naphtha and a catalyst to produce olefins through a cracking reaction of naphtha, and then separate the coked catalyst and olefins to discharge the coked catalyst, a catalyst regenerator configured to regenerate the coked catalyst introduced from the reactor and recirculate and supply the regenerated catalyst to the reactor, an air supplier configured to supply burning air to the catalyst regenerator, and a catalytic partial oxidation reformer configured to reform by-product gas containing methane as a main component to supply a reformed product containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a main component to the catalyst regenerator and regenerate the coked catalyst.

A method comprising: introducing a refinery off gas stream into an oil absorber wherein the refinery off gas stream comprises H.sub.2, N.sub.2, O.sub.2, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C.sub.4+; introducing a solvent into the oil absorber; counter-currently contacting the refinery off gas stream and the solvent in the oil absorber; generating an absorber overhead stream comprising H.sub.2, N.sub.2, O.sub.2, and methane; generating an absorber bottoms stream comprising the solvent wherein ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C.sub.4+ are dissolved in the solvent; introducing the absorber bottoms stream into a solvent regenerator and generating an overhead stream comprising ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, and C.sub.4+; and introducing the overhead stream into a C.sub.2-C.sub.3 splitter that generates a dilute ethylene product stream and a bottoms product stream, wherein the dilute ethylene product stream comprises ethylene and ethane, and wherein the bottoms product stream comprises propane, propylene, and C.sub.4+.

A process and system for integrating a steam cracking unit with a blue hydrogen unit in which a methane-rich gas stream, a hydrogen-rich gas stream, or both from the steam cracking unit are fed to the blue hydrogen unit and a high purity hydrogen gas stream from the blue hydrogen unit is directed to the steam cracking unit.