A fuel cell system including: an electrochemical pump including a first anode, a first cathode, and a first electrolyte membrane including a proton conductive oxide, the electrochemical pump separating hydrogen from a gas containing the hydrogen, and a solid oxide fuel cell that includes a second anode, a second cathode, and a second electrolyte membrane including a solid oxide electrolyte, and that generates electricity by reacting a fuel gas and an oxidant gas with each other.

A hydrogen release and storage system (100) of the present invention includes a first hydrogen release and storage unit (100A) composed of a first hydrogen compound member (101A), a first container (102A) that accommodates the first hydrogen compound member (101A), a first heating apparatus (103A) configured to heat an inside of the first container (102A), a first cooling apparatus (104A) configured to cool the inside of the first container (102A), a first water supply apparatus (105A) configured to supply water to the first container (102A), a second hydrogen release and storage unit (100B) composed of a second hydrogen compound member (101B), a second container (102B) that accommodates the second hydrogen compound member (101B), a second heating apparatus (103B) configured to heat an inside of the second container (102B), a second cooling apparatus (104B) configured to cool the inside of the second container (102B) and a second water supply apparatus (105B) configured to supply water to the second container (102B).

A method for producing hydrogen by controlling an exothermic reaction provides a metal, input to a reaction chamber, at a first flow rate. An acid is provided and input to the reaction chamber at a second flow rate. The combination of the metal and acid produces hydrogen under pressure in the reaction chamber. Hydrogen is output from the reaction chamber at a first pressure and at a third flow rate. The first pressure and the third flow rate are determined. Each of the first flow rate of the metal and the second flow rate of the acid are controlled as a function of the first pressure and third flow rate.

A method and a system for the coproduction of hydrogen, electrical power, and heat energy. An exemplary method includes desulfurizing a feed stream to form a desulfurized feed stream, reforming the desulfurized feed stream to form a methane rich gas, and providing the methane rich gas to a membrane separator. A hydrogen stream is produced in a permeate from the membrane separator. A retentate stream from the membrane separator is provided to a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Electrical power is produced in the SOFC from the retentate stream.

The present specification discloses a membrane reactor comprising a reaction region; a permeate region; and a composite membrane disposed at a boundary of the reaction region and the permeate region, wherein the reaction region comprises a bed filled with a catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, wherein the composite membrane comprises a support layer including a metal with a body-centered-cubic (BCC) crystal structure, and a catalyst layer including a palladium (Pd) or a palladium alloy formed onto the support layer, wherein ammonia (NH.sub.3) is supplied to the reaction region, the ammonia is converted into hydrogen (H.sub.2) by the dehydrogenation reaction in the presence of the catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, and the hydrogen permeates the composite membrane and is emitted from the membrane reactor through the permeate region.

Provided is a hydrogen supply system that supplies hydrogen. The hydrogen supply system includes: a dehydrogenation reaction unit that subjects a raw material including a hydride to a dehydrogenation reaction to obtain a hydrogen-containing gas; a heating mechanism that heats the dehydrogenation reaction unit by using electric power; and an electric power supply unit that supplies at least one of electric power based on renewable energy and electric power based on thermal power generation equipped with carbon dioxide capture and storage to the heating mechanism.

A production system includes a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber. The first reaction chamber is configured to receive a first hydrocarbon stream therein through an input port and to form carbon seeds and hydrogen gas therein via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the first hydrocarbon stream. The second reaction chamber includes a first input port and a second input port. The second reaction chamber is configured to receive the carbon seeds through the first input port and a second hydrocarbon stream through the second input port, and to form carbon product elements and additional hydrogen gas in the second reaction chamber via hydrocarbon pyrolysis of the second hydrocarbon stream. The carbon product elements represent the carbon seeds with additional carbon structure grown on the carbon seeds.

A system and a method for producing hydrogen and electrical power from an aqueous ammonia solution are provided. An exemplary system includes a distillation unit to produce ammonia gas from the aqueous ammonia solution, a compression unit to boost the pressure of the ammonia gas, a membrane separator to catalytically convert the ammonia gas to nitrogen and hydrogen and remove the hydrogen as a permeate, and a micro turbine to combust a retentate to generate energy.

A pyrolysis gas reforming system is provided. The pyrolysis gas reforming system includes a pyrolysis unit configured to perform pyrolysis of waste, an oil-gas separation unit configured to separate a product generated by the pyrolysis unit into oil and gas, a pyrolysis gas purification unit configured to refine pyrolysis gas generated through the separation by the oil-gas separation unit, a pyrolysis gas reforming unit configured to generate synthesis gas by reforming the pyrolysis gas purified by the pyrolysis gas purification unit, a hydrogen gas shift reaction unit configured to convert carbon monoxide contained in the synthesis gas generated by the pyrolysis gas reforming unit into hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and a hydrogen separation unit configured to separate hydrogen from the synthesis gas discharged from the hydrogen gas shift reaction unit, wherein combustion gas generated by a burner of the pyrolysis gas reforming unit and used to supply heat to the pyrolysis gas reforming unit is used to supply heat to the pyrolysis unit.

A fuel cell system anode tail gas oxidizer (ATO) includes an inner ATO wall, an outer ATO wall, and a first catalyst ring disposed in a chamber formed between the inner ATO wall and the outer ATO wall. The first catalyst ring includes an inner wall, an outer wall, and a matrix disposed between the inner wall and the outer wall and loaded with an oxidation catalyst.