A process for producing syngas that uses the syngas product from an oxygen-fired reformer to provide all necessary heating duties, which eliminates the need for a fired heater. Without the flue gas stream leaving a fired heater, all of the carbon dioxide produced by the reforming process is concentrated in the high-pressure syngas stream, allowing essentially complete carbon dioxide capture.

A water gas shift (WGS) reactor system includes a housing; a reaction tube disposed in the housing, wherein a reaction channel is defined within the reaction tube and a cooling fluid channel is defined between the housing and the reaction tube; a catalyst disposed in the reaction channel, the catalyst configured to catalyze a hydrogen generation reaction; and a heat transfer material disposed in the reaction channel.

A hydrogen production apparatus including a desulfurizer, a reformer, a CO transformer a gas flow path, and a purge gas supply path which is provided where a purge gas is supplied to an upstream side of a pressure feeding apparatus in the gas flow path, prior to a stopping operation, a purging step of replacing gas within the gas flow path with the purge gas and filling the purge gas into the gas flow path is performed, and in a start-up operation in which a heating means is operated to increase the temperature of the gas within the gas flow path, which is performed prior to a hydrogen purification operation, a pressure increasing step of supplying the purge gas from the purge gas supply path to the closed circulation circuit and increasing the pressure within the closed circulation circuit is performed.

Process for the preparation of hydrogen by reacting a feed gas comprising methane and carbon monoxide with steam in the presence of a steam reforming catalyst at a pressure of at least 15 bara in the heated zone of a steam reformer to obtain a raw hydrogen containing product stream, wherein (a) the feed gas is mixed with the steam before entering the steam reformer resulting in a reaction mixture of the feed gas and steam having a temperature below 540 C.; and (b) the reaction mixture obtained in step (a) is fed into the heated zone of the steam reformer where it is first contacted with an inert material before it is contacted with the steam reforming catalyst.

The reactor has a heat exchanging body which includes therein a heat medium flow channel in which heat medium fluid is caused to flow, a reaction flow channel in which a reaction fluid containing a first reactant (and a second reactant) is caused to flow, and a supplement channel for supplying a second reactant at an intermediate portion of the reaction flow channel. A catalyst is provided in the reaction flow channel and promotes the reaction in the reaction fluid. The heat exchanging body has a plurality of holes through which the supplement channel communicates with the reaction flow channel. Steam reforming can be performed using water vapor and hydrocarbon as the first and second reactants.

Systems and methods for forming a liquid mixture having a predetermined mix ratio and reforming systems, reforming methods, fuel cell systems, and fuel cell methods that utilize the liquid mixture. The methods include apportioning a preselected volume of liquid from a liquid source. During the apportioning, the liquid is a first liquid, and the methods further include providing a first preselected volume of the first liquid to a mix tank. The methods also include repeating the apportioning with a second liquid providing a second preselected volume of the second liquid to the mix tank to generate the liquid mixture. The methods also may include providing the liquid mixture to a reforming region, reforming the liquid mixture to generate a mixed gas stream that includes hydrogen gas, and providing the hydrogen gas to a fuel cell assembly to generate an electric current.

One object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing stable isotope labeled carbon monoxide capable of controlling the abundance ratio of a specific kind of the stable oxygen isotope to be an arbitrary value, the present invention provides a method for producing stable isotope labeled carbon monoxide including: a first mixing step in which carbon monoxide selectively containing at least one kind of stable isotope selected from the group consisting of .sup.12C.sup.16O, .sup.12C.sup.17O, .sup.12C.sup.18O, .sup.13C.sup.16O, .sup.13C.sup.17O, and .sup.13C.sup.18O, and water vapor selectively containing at least one kind of stable isotope selected form the group consisting of H.sub.2.sup.16O, H.sub.2.sup.17O and H.sub.2.sup.18O are mixed to produce stable isotope labeled carbon dioxide: and a second mixing step in which the stable isotope labeled carbon dioxide produced in the first mixing step and hydrogen are mixed.

The invention relates to an energy generation unit comprising a high-temperature fuel cell stack (10), which is operated with liquid fuel, and a reformer (11) connected upstream of the fuel cell stack for processing the fuel, a recirculation line (13) for at least partially feeding back the anode exhaust gas into the reformer (1) and a device for feeding the liquid fuel into the anode exhaust gas. In accordance with the invention, the invention for feeding the fuel is in the form of an evaporator device (20), comprising a housing (21) which has an evaporator nonwoven (23) in the region of the fuel feed line (22), wherein the hot anode exhaust gas can be applied to said evaporator nonwoven from the recirculation line (13).

Apparatus and processes for high-yield production of syngas components via combustion of a carbon-containing material and an oxygen-containing material are provided. Syngas components are generated in an exothermic, combustion reaction with only minor quantities of carbon dioxide, water, and elemental carbon produced.

A water gas shift (WGS) reactor system includes a housing; a reaction tube disposed in the housing, wherein a reaction channel is defined within the reaction tube and a cooling fluid channel is defined between the housing and the reaction tube; a catalyst disposed in the reaction channel, the catalyst configured to catalyze a hydrogen generation reaction; and a heat transfer material disposed in the reaction channel.