A method and associated system for producing syngas containing hydrogen from waste plastics. The method and system provide for: pretreating waste plastics; producing pyrolysis gas by introducing the waste plastics pretreated in the pretreatment process into a pyrolysis reactor; producing in a lightening process pyrolysis oil by introducing the pyrolysis gas into a hot filter; and gasifying the pyrolysis oil, wherein a liquid condensed in the hot filter is re-introduced into the pyrolysis reactor. The system produces syngas containing hydrogen from the waste plastics.

A process for the synthesis of ammonia from a hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the process includes reforming the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce a make-up gas and converting said make-up gas into ammonia, the process is performed in an ammonia synthesis plant requiring an electric power for operation and also requiring a start-up power (Ps) for start-up, wherein a first electric power (P1) is internally produced in the ammonia plant, and a second electric power (P2) is imported, wherein said second electric power is equal to or greater than said start-up power (Ps).

An apparatus for hydrogen production from a hydrocarbon feed, the apparatus including at least one steam reformer provided with an electrically heated steam reformer furnace having a plurality of catalytic tubes, where one or more heat generating electrical devices are arranged around a heating area of each of said catalytic tubes.

A method to regenerate and reactivate catalysts used for a carbon and syngas production reaction including a DRM or CARGEN reaction is developed. Carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is used as the regeneration and activation media. This method of a single step regeneration and activation using CO.sub.2 is more effective than the existing conventional two-step process that includes separate reduction and oxidation steps. This method produces pure carbon monoxide (CO) as a byproduct from the regeneration process by utilizing CO.sub.2 and carbon.

A box style steam methane reformer has plural sections, with each section having walls forming an interior cavity and open ends that communicate with the interior cavity. Each section has a feedstock supply pipe and a fuel supply pipe located along the top wall, as well as a syngas collection pipe and a flue gas collection duct located outside of the bottom wall. The pipes and ducts have ends that are aligned with each other to allow the sections to be assembled together. Burners are located in the interior cavity and are connected to the fuel supply pipe. Reactor tubes extend through the interior cavity. The bottom ends are supported by the syngas collection pipe and the top ends are spring supported to allow for expansion and contraction. Refractory members are located in the interior cavity and across a slot leading to the flue gas collection dust. The spacing between the refractory members varies to control the flow of flue gas.

Disclosed is an alternative fuel fueling station useful for fueling both electrical and hydrogen alternative fuel vehicles simultaneously. The alternative fuel fueling station includes a solid oxide fuel cell, an electrical conduit, and a compressed hydrogen conduit, such that the alternative fuel fueling station can fuel both the electrical and hydrogen alternative fuel vehicles simultaneously.

The invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a methane comprising gas, which process comprises the steps of: (a) reacting the methane comprising gas with an oxidizing gas in an autothermal reformer to obtain a hot raw syngas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen; (b) cooling the hot raw syngas resulting from step (a) to obtain the syngas, wherein step (b) comprises cooling the hot raw syngas by indirect heat exchange against the methane comprising gas used in step (a) and wherein sulphur is added upstream of cooling step (b). The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of hydrocarbon products in which a feed syngas is prepared in the process as described above followed by a desulphurization treatment and the desulphurized syngas is subsequently converted into hydrocarbon products in a Fischer-Tropsch process.

Systems and methods for upgrading natural gas that may include the division of a natural gas feed steam into two partsone that is partially oxidized into syngas and a second that is dry reformed into syngas with the assistance of heat from the partial oxidation. Each of the resulting syngas products may then be combined, and after water is condensed from the syngas, the combined syngas product may be converted to dimethyl ether.

A method for producing -rich synthesis gas comprises the following steps: decomposing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid into an H.sub.2/C-aerosol in a first hydrocarbon converter by supplying energy which is at least partly provided in the form of heat; introducing at least a first stream of the H.sub.2/C-aerosol into a first sub-process which comprises the following steps: directing at least a part of the H.sub.2/C-aerosol from the first hydrocarbon converter into a first C-converter; introducing CO.sub.2 into the first C-converter and mixing the CO.sub.2 with the H.sub.2/C-aerosol introduced into the first C-converter; converting the mixture of H.sub.2/C-aerosol and CO.sub.2 into a synthesis gas at a temperature of 800 to 1700 C.; mixing additional H.sub.2 with the synthesis gas for the production of H.sub.2-rich synthesis gas. In a second sub-process running in parallel with the first sub-process, hydrogen H.sub.2 and carbon dioxide CO.sub.2 are produced from a hydrocarbon-containing fluid, wherein at least a portion of the CO.sub.2 produced in the second sub-process is introduced into the first C-converter; and wherein at least a portion of the H.sub.2 produced in the second sub-process is mixed with the synthesis gas from the first C-converter. The CO.sub.2 which is needed for the conversion of C in the first C-converter can thereby be provided independently of an external source, and the entire operational sequence is easily controllable.

A process for co-production of ammonia, urea and methanol from natural gas, comprising the steps of (a) producing a synthesis gas by simultaneous feeding natural gas to an autothermal reformer (ATR) and to a steam methane reformer (SMR), the two reformers running in parallel, (b) feeding air to an air separation unit (ASU), where the air is split into oxygen, which is fed to the ATR, and nitrogen, (c) subjecting the synthesis gas from the SMR to a water gas shift, (d) removing the carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas from step (c) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit, (e) combining the hydrogen-rich gas from step (d) with the nitrogen from step (b), removing catalyst poisons from the gases and leading the gas mixture to ammonia synthesis in an ammonia synthesis unit, (f) optionally removing part of the carbon dioxide from the syngas from the ATR in step (a) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit and (g) leading the syngas from step (f) to the methanol synthesis unit, wherein synthesis gas from step (a) may be led either from the ATR outlet to the SMR outlet upstream from the shift stage or the other way.