In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process. The molten carbonate fuel cells can be integrated with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process in various manners, including providing synthesis gas for use in producing hydrocarbonaceous carbons. Additionally, integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process can facilitate further processing of vent streams or secondary product streams generated during the synthesis process.

In an embodiment, a process of making C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons comprises contacting a feed comprising a methane steam reforming gas and an additional carbon dioxide with a manganese oxide-copper oxide catalyst to produce a product syngas in a contacting zone under isothermal conditions at a temperature of 620 to 650 C.; and converting the product syngas to C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst; wherein the methane steam reforming gas has an initial H.sub.2:CO volume ratio greater than 3; wherein the product syngas has a H.sub.2:CO volume ratio of 1.5 to 3; and wherein the contacting further comprises removing water.

In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for operating molten carbonate fuel cells with processes for iron and/or steel production. The systems and methods can provide process improvements such as increased efficiency, reduction of carbon emissions per ton of product produced, or simplified capture of the carbon emissions as an integrated part of the system. The number of separate processes and the complexity of the overall production system can be reduced while providing flexibility in fuel feed stock and the various chemical, heat, and electrical outputs needed to power the processes.

Novel redox based systems for fuel and chemical production with in- situ CO.sub.2 capture are provided. A redox system using one or more chemical intermediates is utilized in conjunction with liquid fuel generation via indirect Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, direct hydro genation, or pyrolysis. The redox system is used to generate a hydrogen rich stream and/or CO.sub.2 and/or heat for liquid fuel and chemical production. A portion of the byproduct fuels and/or steam from liquid fuel and chemical synthesis is used as part of the feedstock for the redox system.

Method for producing synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H.sub.2) comprising: feeding an oxidizing stream comprising O.sub.2 and a first reducing stream comprising H.sub.2 into a first zone of a reactor, where the oxidizing stream and/or the first reducing stream comprises CO.sub.2; generating an oxy-flame in the first zone by reaction between O.sub.2 and H.sub.2, and producing a first gas comprising CO H.sub.2O.sub.vapor by contacting the oxidizing stream and the first reducing stream with the oxy-flame; feeding into the reactor a second reducing stream comprising a second source of carbon comprising a hydrocarbon; generating in a second reaction zone of the reactor of a second gas comprising the synthesis gas, from the first gas coming from the first reaction zone and the second reducing stream by a reaction involving the hydrocarbon.

A method for converting carbon dioxide gas to liquefied carbon dioxide includes (a) receiving, in a heat exchanger, a carbon dioxide gas stream and a liquefied natural gas stream, and (b) exposing the carbon dioxide gas stream to the liquefied natural gas stream to convert the carbon dioxide gas stream to liquefied carbon dioxide, and the liquefied natural gas stream is regasified to natural gas. The natural gas exits the heat exchanger and is sent to a steam methane reformer for further processing.

The present invention relates to a wellbore reactor comprising a reaction chamber surrounded by a jacket, said reaction chamber comprises at least one carbon dioxide-inlet (CO.sub.2-inlet), and/or at least one hydrocarbon-inlet, and at least one hydrogen-outlet (H.sub.2-outlet).

A process for producing a hydrogen product where a carbon-containing input, by reforming and water gas shift, is converted into a synthesis gas largely consisting of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, from which a hydrogen fraction and a carbon dioxide fraction are separated, wherein the hydrogen fraction has the composition required for the hydrogen product and the carbon dioxide fraction has a purity which allows delivery thereof as a product or disposal thereof through sequestration. The characterizing feature here is that the synthesis gas consisting largely of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, by means of a first pressure swing adsorber, is fractionated into a carbon dioxide-depleted first PSA high-pressure fraction and a carbon dioxide-enriched first PSA low-pressure fraction, from which, after compression, the carbon dioxide fraction is obtained by cryogenic gas fractionation.

Method and apparatus for converting waste solid sustainable carbon material to chemical products is described herein. The methods add hydrocarbon derived from fossil sources to gas derived from gasifying waste solid sustainable carbon material to enhance hydrogen availability, and in some cases carbon availability, for production of the chemical products. Carbon dioxide made by the process is at least partially sequestered to yield a chemical manufacturing process with environmental burden substantially less than conventional processes. Use of the hydrocarbon boosts yield of final products.

In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process. The molten carbonate fuel cells can be integrated with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process in various manners, including providing synthesis gas for use in producing hydrocarbonaceous carbons. Additionally, integration of molten carbonate fuel cells with a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process can facilitate further processing of vent streams or secondary product streams generated during the synthesis process.