A process for producing a fabric comprising at least a graphene-based continuous or long fiber, comprising: (a) preparing a graphene dispersion having chemically functionalized graphene sheets dispersed in a fluid; (b) dispensing, depositing, and shearing at least a continuous or long filament of the graphene dispersion onto a substrate, and removing the fluid to form a continuous or long fiber comprising aligned chemically functionally graphene sheets; and (c) inducing chemical reactions between chemical functional groups attached to adjacent graphene sheets to form the graphene fiber; (d) combining the graphene fiber with a plurality of fibers, the same type as or different than the graphene fiber, to form at least one fiber yarn; and (e) combining the at least one fiber yarn and a plurality of fiber yarns, the same type as or different than the at least one fiber yarn, to form the fabric.

Provided is a fabric comprising a layer of yarns combined (by weaving, braiding, knitting, or non-woven) to form the fabric wherein the yarns comprise one or a plurality of graphene-based long or continuous fibers. The long or continuous fiber comprises chemically functionalized graphene sheets that are chemically bonded with one another having an inter-planar spacing d.sub.002 from 0.36 nm to 1.5 nm as determined by X-ray diffraction and a non-carbon element content of 0.1% to 40% by weight, wherein the functionalized graphene sheets are substantially parallel to one another and parallel to the fiber axis direction and the fiber contains no core-shell structure, have no helically arranged graphene domains, and have a length no less than 0.5 cm and a physical density from 1.5 to 2.25 g/cm.sup.3. The graphene fiber typically has a thermal conductivity from 300 to 1,600 W/mK, an electrical conductivity from 600 to 15,000 S/cm, or a tensile strength higher than 1.0 GPa.

A class of compositions in the LiMnOF chemical space for Li-ion cathode materials. The compositions are cobalt-free, high-capacity Li-ion battery cathode materials synthesized with cation-disordered rocksalt (DRX) oxide or oxyfluorides, with the general formula Li.sub.xMn.sub.2-xO.sub.2-yF.sub.y (1.1x1.3333; 0y0.6667). The compositions are characterized by: (i) high capacities (e.g., >240 mAh/g); (ii) high energy densities (e.g., >750 Wh/kg between 1.5-4.8V); (iii) favorable cyclability; and (iv) low cost.

A highly active quaternary mixed transition metal oxide material has been developed. The material may be sulfided to generate metal sulfides which are used as a catalyst in a conversion process such as hydroprocessing. The hydroprocessing may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

A method of preparing a positive active material involves mixing a nickel compound, a cobalt compound, and optionally a metal compound to obtain a first mixture, subjecting the first mixture to a co-precipitation reaction to obtain a first resulting product, washing with water, filtering and drying the first resulting product to prepare a transition metal hydroxide precursor, subjecting the transition metal hydroxide precursor to a primary heat treatment to prepare a transition metal composite oxide precursor, mixing the transition metal composite oxide precursor and a dehydrated lithium salt to obtain a second mixture, and performing a secondary heat treatment on the second mixture to prepare a nickel-based lithium transition metal oxide. The dehydrated lithium salt is prepared by drying a hydrated lithium salt having an average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of about 400-600 m and then pulverizing the resultant to have a D.sub.50 of about 3-30 m.

Silver powder includes multiple particles 2 containing silver as a main component. A ratio of the number of particles 2 which are flake-like and each of which has a monocrystalline structure and has a largest plane that is a lattice plane (111), to the total number of particles, is not less than 95%. The silver powder is water-dispersible. In the silver powder, a median size D50 is not less than 0.1 m and not greater than 10 m, a standard deviation of particle sizes is not greater than 5 m, an average thickness Tave is not greater than 300 nm, and an aspect ratio (D50/Tave) is not less than 4.

The invention is directed towards an electrochemically active cathode material for a battery. The electrochemically active cathode material includes a non-stoichiometric beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide. The non-stoichiometric beta-delithiated layered nickel oxide has a chemical formula. The chemical formula is L.sub.ixA.sub.yNi.sub.1+a-zM.sub.zO.sub.2nH.sub.2O where x is from about 0.02 to about 0.20; y is from about 0.03 to about 0.20; a is from about 0.02 to about 0.2; z is from about 0 to about 0.2; and n is from about 0 to about 1. Within the chemical formula, A is an alkali metal. The alkali metal includes potassium, rubidium, cesium, and any combination thereof. Within the chemical formula, M comprises an alkaline earth metal, a transition metal, a non-transition metal, and any combination thereof.

Provided is a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode active material additive for a lithium secondary battery, which has D.sub.v50 of 6 m or less and D.sub.n50 of 1 m or less. According to the carbonaceous material for a negative electrode active material additive for a lithium secondary battery of an embodiment of the present invention, since lithium ions may be rapidly adsorbed to and desorbed from a negative electrode adopting the carbonaceous material, output characteristics of a lithium secondary battery including the carbonaceous material are improved, and since a decrease in a capacity is small even when repeatedly charged and discharged, life characteristics are excellent.

There is provided a paint formulation comprising a composite pigment, said composite pigment being selected from the group consisting of metal oxide/silica, metal oxide/silicate, metal oxide/alumina, metal oxide/metal oxide and metal oxide/zirconia, wherein the size and amount of said composite pigment are selected to increase the opacity of said paint formulation.

Anisotropic graphite and an anisotropic graphite composite are provided, each having excellent heat transmission performance and excellent long-term reliability as a heat transmitting element, and a production method for the anisotropic graphite composite. A face of anisotropic graphite which face is perpendicular to crystal orientation planes of graphite layers of the anisotropic graphite may be subjected to surface treatment so as to obtain anisotropic graphite having a specific surface roughness. An anisotropic graphite composite may include anisotropic graphite having an interface that has a specific interface roughness; a titanium-containing metal layer; and an inorganic material layer.