A filter media for implementation in a sugar purification process that allows for a significant increase in sorbent material while maintaining, and enhancing the decolorization and. hydraulic properties. The filter media incorporates sorbent material, fiber having specific properties that allows for small particle sorbent material without jeopardizing the hydraulic properties of the media, and an electrolyte. The sorbent material is an inorganic, an adsorption, or ion exchange media, or a metal-organic framework. The implementation of this filter media in a sugar purification process eliminates the need for a clarification step during refining while providing for enhanced decolorization and hydraulic properties for fluid flow.

A particle for emulating pollutant tracking in water has a florescent core. A semitransparent shell is formed around the florescent core.

Disclosed is a preparation method of a nanometer metal oxide supported carrier based on anodic oxidation, comprising: Step 1: adding electrolyte to a reaction pool, and fixing the cathode and the anode oppositely, wherein the cathode is a metal plate that is identical to the nano-metal oxide, and the anode is a carrier metal material; Step 2: stirring the electrolyte at a constant speed, wherein the revolution speed is not lower than 500 rpm; Step 3: switching power on; setting the output voltage between 10 v and 50 v; and subjecting the metal plate of the anode to anodic oxidation reaction, wherein metal oxide nanotubes/nano particles are generated on the surface; under the action of stirring, the metal oxide nanotubes/nano particles on the anode surface are dissolved and shed off into the electrolyte; under the action of the electric field force, the dissolved and shed-off nano fragments migrate towards the cathode and are adhered to the surface of the cathode material, thereby forming a nano-metal oxide film. The film preparation method according to the disclosure offers advantages such as mild condition, simple instrumentation, easy operation, and low cost; the prepared film has a good load effect such that the metal oxide can hardly be shed off.

A method for purifying dye-containing wastewater based on a porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane includes: (1) preparing the porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane; and (2) passing the dye-containing wastewater through the porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane to remove dyes in the dye-containing wastewater. A device for purifying dye-containing wastewater is also disclosed. The device includes the porous-polymer-based metal carbon nanotube membrane.

A method for preparing a porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane includes: preparing an acidified carbon nanotube membrane; preparing a modification solution; heating the acidified carbon nanotube membrane in the modification solution and reacting to obtain a metal carbon nanotube membrane; conducting a polymerization reaction to obtain a crude polymer product; coating the metal carbon nanotube membrane with a polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDEG) solution; coating the metal carbon nanotube membrane with a porous polymer solution; and heating the metal carbon nanotube membrane to obtain the porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane. A porous-polymer-modified metal carbon nanotube membrane is prepared according to this method.

A crosslinked resin made up of polymerized units of a linear polyamine with at least 3 primary and/or secondary amine functionalities and a bisacrylamide. The crosslinked polymers are porous spherical particles with a BET surface area in the range of 50-120 m.sup.2/g. A method of the synthesizing the crosslinked polymer is specified. A method for using the crosslinked resin as an adsorbent material in removing pollutants including organic dyes (e.g. Congo red, Rhodamine B) and heavy metals from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater sample is also described.

Activated carbon, e.g., from waste tires, modified by bimetallic Fe and Ce nanoparticles can provide high surface area and active sites for enhanced dye adsorption. Such nanocomposites can offer magnetic removal from aqueous solutions containing, e.g., Methylene Blue or Rhodamine B. Adsorption equilibrium data fit well to the Langmuir isotherm model, with an adsorption capacity was 324.6 mg/g. Rhodamine B adsorption by such activated carbon-Fe—Ce magnetic adsorbents has an endothermic character and pseudo-second-order kinetics. In ethanol solution, rhodamine B was desorbed at high efficiency and such materials, which could be recycled up to 5 cycles. Such magnetic nanocomposites are adsorbents for treating dyes such as rhodamine B in wastewater, even in large scale adsorption systems. Polyamides can be grafted to such nanocomposites.

Crystalline α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonic treatment of a solution of an iron (III)-containing precursor and an extract from the seeds of a plant in the family Linaceae. The crystalline α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles have a spherical morphology with a diameter of 100 nm to 300 nm, a mean surface area of 240 to 260 m.sup.2/g, and a type-II nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET isotherm with a H3 hysteresis loop. The crystalline α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles have a band gap of 2.10 to 2.16 eV and a mean pore size of 7.25 to 9.25 nm. A method for the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants using the crystalline α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles. An antibacterial composition containing the crystalline α-Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 nanoparticles.

A piezoelectric and piezocata lytic composite material comprising M0S.sub.2 nanoflowers embedded within a body of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) is provided along with layers, coatings, and sheets comprising such a material. Also disclosed are methods of using such material for generating piezoelectricity and for piezocata lytic removal of contaminants from an aqueous environment. A method of forming such material is also described.

A method and apparatus for wastewater treatment using ultrafine bubbles, wherein bubbles of 200 nm or less are contacted with a wastewater volume in continuous flow conditions by means of an ultrafine bubble generator, a source of oxygen, a tank, a first and a second pump, a pipe system and connectors, the connectors being configured such that continuous flow conditions are maintained in the pipe system.