A method of manufacturing a carbon nanotubes-based adsorption/filtration nanomaterial for high-volume cleaning of fluids, which are annealed without access to ambient air at a temperature of 300 to 1150 C. for 0.1 to 12 hours, is described, said carbon nanotubes being subsequently immobilized on a support. substrate based on fibrous natural or synthetic material. Preferably, an inert coarse-grained inorganic and/or organic material is mixed with the immobilized carbon tubes to form a composite adsorption/filtration nanomaterial as a homogeneous mixture.

A synergistic composition can be used to treat water containing nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds. The synergistic composition includes iron filings, clay particles, aluminum particles, and sand particles. The iron filings, clay particles, and aluminum particles act synergistically to remove nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds from water. Specifically, the clay particles attract the nitrogen compounds and the phosphorus compounds to be absorbed onto a surface of the iron filings and the clay particles. The aluminum particles react with the nitrogen compounds via an oxidation reaction to form ammonia compounds, and react with the phosphorus compounds to produce aluminum phosphate. As such, the synergistic relationship between the iron filings, clay particles, and aluminum particles remove nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from water and recover the compounds in usable forms, namely, ammonia and aluminum phosphate.

Sulfide scavengers useful to reduce sulfide concentration in fluid streams and methods of using these scavengers. The scavengers comprise oil soluble reaction products of formaldehyde/N-substituted hydroxylamines and can be used to reduce, for example, H.sub.2S content in viscous hydrocarbon oil streams.

A process for treating an aqueous solution (A) derived from a method of producing a compound with the formula (I): (I) wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different and are chosen from among hydrogen and C1-C5 alkyl, wherein R1 and R2 together form a methylene group, and wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6, which are independently identical or different, are chosen from among: a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group (OH), an alkoxy group (OR), an alcohol group (ROH), an aldehyde group (CHO), a ketone group (C(O)R), an acid group (COOH), a nitrile group (CN), a C1-C6 alkyl chain, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, potentially comprising one or a plurality of substitutes in a terminal or lateral position or one or more functions in said alkyl chain, R being a C1-C5 alkyl, wherein the aqueous solution (A) comprises at least one sulfate salt SO.sub.4.sup.2 (S) rendered soluble and at least one aromatic organic compound (O) formed during the method for producing the compound (I), and wherein the process comprises at least one step (i) of recovering a solid sulfate salt (S) in an at least partially anhydride form separately from the aqueous solution (A). ##STR00001##

A method for removing a surfactant from a water stream includes contacting the water stream with a particulate support having a hydrous iron oxide coating to provide a treated water stream. The treated water stream has less surfactant than the water stream.

A method of treating water to oxidize organic contaminants comprises heat transfer system includes heating liquid water to a temperature of at least 190 F. at a pressure to keep the heated water in a liquid phase, and contacting the heated water with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst including a noble metal on a porous support comprising a bi-modal pore size distribution including pore sizes from 1 nm to 20 nm and pore sizes from 100 nm to 1000 nm. The resulting catalytic oxidation of the organic contaminants results in the release of gaseous reaction products resulting from the oxidation reaction, which are separated from the treated water in a phase separator to produce a treated water final product.

The present disclosure relates to a treatment method of wastewater containing heterocyclic organics comprising the following steps: (1) adding a persulfate to the wastewater containing heterocyclic organics in a reaction vessel; (2) heating the reaction vessel to a reaction temperature in an inert atmosphere, then introducing an oxygen-containing gas until a reaction pressure is reached for reaction, and after the reaction is completed, cooling and filtering the reaction resultant to obtain a filtrate as a treated effluent and a filter residue; no catalyst is added to the reaction system. The treatment method provided by the present disclosure not only can significantly reduce the treatment temperature of the conventional wet oxidation, but also can control the amount of generated spherical polymer and the removal efficiency of organic pollutants by control of reaction conditions. Wastewater purification and organics recovery and reuse are achieved at the same time.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst filler for purifying water in aquariums and a preparation method and a use thereof. The catalyst filler comprises iron element, carbon element, nickel element and rare earth element; in which the contents of each element in the catalyst filler by mass percent are: iron element 30 wt %-70 wt %; carbon element 20 wt %-50 wt %; nickel element 1 wt %-10 wt %; rare earth element 0.1 wt %-2 wt %. The catalyst filler of the present disclosure, in the use environment, can result in generation of hydroxyl groups and dissociation to micro-element ions, which can degrade nitrites, organic amines and organic sulfides in water bodies, and convert phosphoric acid into precipitates. The organic molecules treated by hydroxyl groups are more easily utilized by denitrifying bacteria, thereby increasing efficiency of denitrification-denitrogenation and purifying the water.

A thermal management system includes a space structure, a feed water container, a water feed line, a pump, and a filter device. The space structure includes a heat source connected with a fluid loop for conveying a working fluid through the heat source to regulate temperature and a sublimator connected with the fluid loop to receive the working fluid. The sublimator has a porous surface. The water feed line is connected with the container and the sublimator. The pump is located in the feed water line and is operable to move the feed water from the container to the sublimator. The sublimator is operable to cool the working fluid using the porous surface. The filter device is located in the water feed line between the pump and the feed water container. The filter device includes an adsorbent bed to remove organic compounds.

Hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans may be removed from a fluid or gaseous stream by introducing a composite to the fluid or gaseous stream containing a hydrogen sulfide scavenger adsorbed onto a water-insoluble adsorbent.