Embodiments of the present invention feature devices and methods for administering medicaments to subjects and, in particular, molecular iodine to animals in drinking water for the treatment of oral bad breath and disease. An exemplary device comprises a source of medicament in a fluid, measuring means, an administration switch and a water reservoir means. The measuring means is in fluid communication with said source of medicament for measuring an aliquot of medicament corresponding to a dose for the treatment of a disease. The measuring means is also in communication with a water reservoir means and releases the aliquot into the water reservoir means upon signal activation. The administration switch means is in signal communication with the measuring means and upon activation by a subject produces an activation signal received by the measuring means. The water reservoir means is for receiving the aliquot and forming an aqueous solution of medicament.

Provided is a fresh water generation system which filters biotreated water produced by microbiologically treating waste water via a primary semi-permeable membrane (8), and then mixes concentrated water rejected by the filtration with seawater, thereby to filter the mixed water via a secondary semi-permeable membrane (14). This system enables frequencies of chemical cleaning and replacement of the secondary semi-permeable membrane to be reduced. The fresh water generation system comprises: a primary semi-permeable membrane apparatus (9) which separates microorganism treating waste water into permeated water and concentrated water; a secondary semi-permeable membrane apparatus (13) which filters mixed water prepared by mixing the concentrated water into seawater. In the fresh water generation system, the primary semi-permeable membrane (8) has an equal to or a higher microorganism adhesive property than the secondary semi-permeable membrane (14).

The invention comprises a control system for monitoring and operating an existing supply water pre-treatment system for supplying de-chlorinated water to dialysis purification systems. The invention includes a controller and an operator interface for programming and interacting with said control systems. The invention further includes an injection assembly having a flow turbine sensor, a reducing agent injector, and an ORP/pH sensor for monitoring and controlling ORP/pH levels of said supply water.

Techniques and systems for neutralizing discharge waters from ballast and/or cooling water biocidal treatment and disinfection systems are provided. The systems utilize oxidation reduction potential control to regulate the dechlorination of a biocidal agent to allowable discharge levels in ship buoyancy systems and ship cooling water systems.

A method of maintaining a safe free chlorine level in a body of water for recreational use where the free chlorine level at a harmful level comprises determining if the free chlorine level in the body of water is above a safe level and adding sufficient DMH to the body of water to bring the free chorine down to a safe level.

Provided is a sterilization method for a water system, the sterilization method being capable of suppressing the production amount of a nitrosamine compound while exhibiting a sufficient sterilization effect in precursor-containing water that contains a nitrosamine compound precursor. In the sterilization method for a water system, a stabilizing composition containing a bromine-based oxidizing agent or a chlorine-based oxidizing agent and a sulfamic acid compound is added to the precursor-containing water that contains the nitrosamine compound precursor.

An apparatus for producing conditioned water configured to add a pH adjuster and/or a redox potential regulator to ultrapure water to produce conditioned water, the generator including: a chemical tank configured to store a chemical solution containing the pH adjuster and/or the redox potential regulator; a chemical injection pipe configured to inject the chemical solution in the chemical tank into the ultrapure water; and a degassing device configured to degas the chemical solution injected into the ultrapure water. When producing conditioned water useful as wash water for semiconductor wafers by adding a pH adjuster and/or a redox potential regulator into ultrapure water, the present invention can solve problems such as incorporation of DO from the chemical solution, injection failure and measurement failure of the flow meter due to foaming of the chemical solution, thereby enabling stable production of conditioned water with a low DO concentration and high water quality.

Disclosed is a method and a system for cleaning water in pools, particularly reducing undesired disinfection-by-products. An electrolytic system includes an electrode arrangement including first and second electrodes, functioning as an anode and a cathode, and an Electronic Control Unit. The ECU controls the process so the potential of the anode is 1.4-2.3 V, more preferably 1.6-2.1 V and most preferably 1.7-1.9 V relative the Reversible Hydrogen Electrode. The system and method may further include the use of a reference electrode to control the potential of the first or second electrode to function as a working electrode and being the anode relative the other one of the first and second electrodes being the cathode and functioning as a counter electrode. The ECU could be programmed to alternately control the first electrode 101 and the second electrode to function as anode and cathode

The present disclosure provides a means to remove oxidative compounds such as free halogen and chloramines from a liquid, while also providing components with antimicrobial properties in order to combat biofouling and the shedding of pathogens into liquids. In particular, methods of removing an oxidative compound from a liquid in which the liquid is contacted with one or more polymeric beads. As described herein, the oxidative compound binds to the polymeric bead and is removed from the liquid.

A capture unit for use with an antimicrobial application unit may include an upstream filter and a downstream filter. The upstream filter may be positioned to receive effluent from the application unit and to filter solid components from the effluent. The resultant upstream effluent filtrate may then be passed downstream to the downstream filter. The downstream filter may be used to filter an antimicrobial component from the upstream effluent filtrate and the resultant downstream effluent filtrate may be suitable for disposal as wastewater discharge. The antimicrobial is preferably a quaternary ammonium compound, is more preferably an alkylpyridinium chloride, and is most preferably cetylpyridinium chloride.