A glass composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, in mol %, from 1 to 20% of B.sub.2O.sub.3, from 30 to 80% of TeO.sub.2, and from 5 to 30% of MoO.sub.3 as glass composition.

A conductive composition has excellent adhesiveness and conductivity. A conductive composition contains copper powder, cuprous oxide, a lead-free glass frit, and an acid-based additive. The lead-free glass frit is contained in an amount of 9 to 50 parts by mass relative to 100 parts of the copper powder. The lead-free glass frit contains a borosilicate zinc-based glass frit and a vanadium zinc-based glass frit. The borosilicate zinc-based glass frit contains boron oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, and optional other components, among which boron oxide, silicon oxide, and zinc oxide serve as top-three oxide components in terms of content. The vanadium zinc-based glass frit contains vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, and optional other components, among which vanadium oxide and zinc oxide serve as top-two oxide components in terms of content. The acid-based additive is contained 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass relative to 100 parts of the copper powder.

The present disclosure relates to a low temperature-calcined lead-free glass frit and paste, and a vacuum glass assembly using the same. The glass frit according to the present disclosure has a novel component system comprising V.sub.2O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, CuO, BaO, one or more of Ag.sub.2O and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, and one or more of SnO and MoO.sub.3 at a characteristic composition ratio according to the disclosure, whereby the glass frit can replace a lead-based glass composition of the related art, can be calcined at a low temperature of 350° C. or lower and can ensure excellent chemical durability.

Optically transparent glass ceramic materials comprising a glass phase containing and a crystalline tungsten bronze phase comprising nanoparticles and having the formula M.sub.xWO.sub.3, where M includes at least one H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cu, Ag, Sn, Cd, In, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and U, and where 0<x<1. Aluminosilicate and zinc-bismuth-borate glasses comprising at least one of Sm.sub.2O.sub.3, Pr.sub.2O.sub.3, and Er.sub.2O.sub.3 are also provided.

Manufacturing glass ceramic materials comprises ceramming a glass to grow a crystalline tungsten bronze phase comprising nanoparticles having a formula M.sub.xWO.sub.3, where M includes a dopant cation, and where 0<x<1.

A substrate for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, an oxide layer formed on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, and a glass layer of electrically-insulating bismuth-based glass formed in a form of layer on the surface of the oxide layer. Also disclosed is a sheet for flexible device, including a stainless steel sheet, and an oxide layer on a surface of the stainless steel sheet, the oxide layer having a thickness of not less than 30 nm.

A joint joins an alloy member to a ceramic member via a glass joining agent, which is joined to the alloy member by a material bonded joint and to the ceramic member by a further material bonded joint. The glass joining agent is made of a glass having a melting point below 800° C.; a coefficient of thermal expansion of at least 9-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1 and a bismuth content of at least 10%. The alloy member has a coefficient of thermal expansion of at least 9-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1. The ceramic member has a maximum coefficient of thermal expansion of 8-10.sup.−6 K.sup.−1. The material bonded joint defines a mixing region that is a partial region of the ceramic member, and the bismuth content in the mixing region is higher than that of the ceramic member outside the mixing region.

A conductive composition has excellent adhesiveness to a substrate and conductivity. For example, a conductive composition contains copper powder, cuprous oxide, a lead-free glass frit, and a carboxylic acid-based additive. The cuprous oxide is contained in an amount of at least 5.5 parts by mass and up to 25 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the copper powder. The lead-free glass frit contains a borosilicate zinc-based glass frit and a vanadium zinc-based glass frit. The borosilicate zinc-based glass frit contains boron oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, and optional other components, among which boron oxide, silicon oxide, and zinc oxide serve as top-three oxide components in terms of content. The vanadium zinc-based glass frit contains vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, and optional other components, among which vanadium oxide and zinc oxide serve as top-two oxide components in terms of content.

A display panel may include a first display substrate, a second display substrate disposed over the first display substrate, and a sealing member bonding the first display substrate and the second display substrate. The sealing member may include a frit sealing member including an outer region and an inner region, with the inner region disposed next to an inner side of the outer region and having a first crystallization temperature lower than a second crystallization temperature of the outer region, and an organic sealing member disposed next to an inner side of the frit sealing member.

A composition for mid-infrared light transmitting glass and a method for preparing same are disclosed. Provided according to an embodiment of the present invention are a composition for mid-infrared light transmitting glass and a method for preparing same, wherein the composition can be manufactured into a lens that has both excellent optical properties and physical properties.