A feed-through through a housing part of a housing, for example of a battery or a capacitor made of a metal, wherein the housing part has at least one opening, through which at least one conductor is fed in a glass or glass ceramic material, and wherein the conductor has at least two sections in the axial direction, a first section made of a first material, e.g. aluminium, and a second section made of a second material, e.g. copper, as well as a transition from the first to the second material, and wherein the transition from the first to the second material is located in the region of the glass or glass ceramic material, said glass or glass ceramic material being adapted to the metal of the housing in such a way that a compression glass-to-metal seal is formed.

The present invention pertains to a glass characterized by: containing 72-82% of Li.sup.+, 0-21% of Si.sup.4+, and 0-28% of B.sup.3+ in terms of cation %; and containing at least 70% and less than 100% of O.sup.2− and more than 0% and at most 30% of Cl.sup.−, containing at least 94% and less than 100% of O.sup.2− and more than 0% and at most 6% of S.sup.2−, or containing at least 64% and less than 100% of O.sup.2−, more than 0% and at most 30% of Cl.sup.−, and more than 0% and at most 6% of S.sup.2−, in terms of anion %.

The present invention provides a thick-film paste for printing the front side of a solar cell device having one or more insulating layers. The thick film paste comprises an electrically conductive metal, and a lead-tellurium-lithium-oxide dispersed in an organic medium.

The present invention provides a thick-film paste for printing the front side of a solar cell device having one or more insulating layers. The thick film paste comprises an electrically conductive metal, and a lead-tellurium-lithium-oxide dispersed in an organic medium.

In general, the invention relates to electro-conductive pastes comprising a glass which comprises molybdenum and lead as a constituent of a solar cell paste, and the use of such in the preparation of photovoltaic solar cells. More specifically, the invention relates to electroconductive pastes, precursors, processes for preparation of solar cells, solar cells and solar modules. The invention relates to an electro-conductive paste at least comprising as paste constituents: a) metallic particles; b) a glass; c) an organic vehicle; and d) an additive; wherein the glass comprises the following: i) Pb in the range from about 1 to about 94 wt. %; ii) Mo in the range from about 2 to about 30 wt. %; iii) O in the range from about 1 to about 50 wt. %; with the wt. % in each case being based on the total weight of the glass.

In general, the invention relates to electro-conductive pastes comprising a glass which comprises molybdenum and lead as a constituent of a solar cell paste, and the use of such in the preparation of photovoltaic solar cells. More specifically, the invention relates to electroconductive pastes, precursors, processes for preparation of solar cells, solar cells and solar modules. The invention relates to an electro-conductive paste at least comprising as paste constituents: a) metallic particles; b) a glass; c) an organic vehicle; and d) an additive; wherein the glass comprises the following: i) Pb in the range from about 1 to about 94 wt. %; ii) Mo in the range from about 2 to about 30 wt. %; iii) O in the range from about 1 to about 50 wt. %; with the wt. % in each case being based on the total weight of the glass.

The present invention is directed to a conductive paste used for solar cell electrodes comprising, (i) 60 wt % to 95 wt % of a conductive powder, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, (ii) 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a lead-tellurium-oxide powder, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, comprising 20 wt % to 60 wt % of PbO and 20 wt % to 60 wt % of TeO.sub.2, based on the total weight of the lead-tellurium-oxide powder, (iii) 3 wt % to 38 wt % of an organic medium, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, and (iv) 0.01 wt % to 5.0 wt % of lithium oxide powder selected from the group consisting of LiMnO.sub.3, Li.sub.2WO.sub.4, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3, Li.sub.2TiO.sub.3, Li.sub.4Ti.sub.5O.sub.12, Li.sub.2MoO.sub.4 and a mixture thereof, based on the total weight of the conductive paste.

The present invention is directed to a conductive paste used for solar cell electrodes comprising, (i) 60 wt % to 95 wt % of a conductive powder, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, (ii) 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a lead-tellurium-oxide powder, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, comprising 20 wt % to 60 wt % of PbO and 20 wt % to 60 wt % of TeO.sub.2, based on the total weight of the lead-tellurium-oxide powder, (iii) 3 wt % to 38 wt % of an organic medium, based on the total weight of the conductive paste, and (iv) 0.01 wt % to 5.0 wt % of lithium oxide powder selected from the group consisting of LiMnO.sub.3, Li.sub.2WO.sub.4, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3, Li.sub.2TiO.sub.3, Li.sub.4Ti.sub.5O.sub.12, Li.sub.2MoO.sub.4 and a mixture thereof, based on the total weight of the conductive paste.

The present disclosure discloses a type of front finger paste for N-type solar cells. In parts by weight, the raw materials for preparing the paste include 1-5 parts of high-activity glass powder, 1-5 parts of silicon powder, 75-79 parts of aluminum-silicon alloy powder and 15-20 parts of organic component. The front finger paste for N-type solar cells and its preparation method provided by the present disclosure use aluminum paste to replace the aluminum-doped silver paste used in the existing technologies, thus reducing the production cost of N-type solar cells; and the high-activity glass powder contained in the aluminum paste can eliminate the grooving process before printing, thus simplifying the process steps, and it does not damage the passivation layer and can improve the electrical performance of the solar cell.

Colored CTE modifiers may be added to a glass frit system to modify the CTE of a resulting fired enamel. The CTE modifier is colored. The colored CTE modifier may include a modified Pseudo-Brookite type material having a formula Al.sub.2TiO.sub.5, where Al and/or Ti are partially substituted with one or more coloring ions including Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu; a modified Cordierite type material having a formula Mg.sub.2Al.sub.4Si.sub.5O.sub.18, wherein Mg and/or Al is partially substituted with one or more of the coloring ions; a Perovskite type material having a formula Sm.sub.1−xSr.sub.xMnO.sub.3−δ, where x=0.0-0.5 and δ=0.0-0.25, or a modified version of the Perovskite type material wherein Sr is partially substituted with Ba and/or Ca; a modified magnesium pyrophosphate type material having a formula Mg.sub.2P.sub.2O.sub.7 wherein Mg is substituted with Co and/or Zn ions; or combinations thereof.