A glass frit according to this application may include a composition of P.sub.2O.sub.5, V.sub.2O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, CuO, ZnO, and BaO configured to replace a conventional lead glass composition and enable a low temperature calcination. A coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the glass frit may be matched with that of a glass substrate. The composition may not include an inorganic filler or at least reduce a content of an inorganic filler to reduce or prevent separation and breakage and to improve durability. The glass frit may be used as a paste for a vacuum glass assembly.

A glass frit according to this application may include a composition of P.sub.2O.sub.5, V.sub.2O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, CuO, ZnO, and BaO configured to replace a conventional lead glass composition and enable a low temperature calcination. A coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the glass frit may be matched with that of a glass substrate. The composition may not include an inorganic filler or at least reduce a content of an inorganic filler to reduce or prevent separation and breakage and to improve durability. The glass frit may be used as a paste for a vacuum glass assembly.

A cooking device top plate according to the present disclosure comprises: a crystallized glass substrate containing Li.sub.2O-Al.sub.2O.sub.3-SiO.sub.2 as a main component and a transition element; and a substrate color improving layer provided on a lower surface of the crystallized glass substrate, the substrate color improving layer containing a blue pigment and including a brightness enhancing layer having a refractive index smaller than that of the crystallized glass substrate or not less than (a refractive index of the crystallized glass substrate+0.1).

Coated glass or glass ceramic substrates having high temperature resistance, high strength, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The coating includes pores, is fluid-tight and suitable for coating a temperature-resistant, high-strength glass or glass ceramic substrate with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and to a method for producing such a coated substrate.

A heating body includes: a substrate; a heating layer arranged on the substrate; and a protruding structure layer arranged on the heating layer. The protruding structure layer includes a plurality of protruding units arranged on the heating layer at intervals or the protruding structure layer has a grid shape. In an embodiment, the heating body further includes: an insulating and heat-conducting layer arranged between the protruding structure layer and the heating layer.

A heating body includes: a substrate; a heating layer arranged on the substrate; and a protruding structure layer arranged on the heating layer. The protruding structure layer includes a plurality of protruding units arranged on the heating layer at intervals or the protruding structure layer has a grid shape. In an embodiment, the heating body further includes: an insulating and heat-conducting layer arranged between the protruding structure layer and the heating layer.

An enamel composition, a method for preparing an enamel composition, and a cooking appliance including an enamel composition are provided. The enamel composition may include a base glass frit, and a catalytic glass frit. Further, the enamel composition may include 3 to 20 parts by weight of the catalytic glass frit based on 100 parts by weight of the base glass frit.

An enamel composition, a method for preparing an enamel composition, and a cooking appliance including an enamel composition are provided. The enamel composition may include a base glass frit, and a catalytic glass frit. Further, the enamel composition may include 3 to 20 parts by weight of the catalytic glass frit based on 100 parts by weight of the base glass frit.

Disclosed is an inkjet ink that is jettable through standard inkjet nozzles, yet creates a non-abrasive non-porous three-dimensional glass structure on a 1-100 micron-scale without the need for additional processes beyond those normally used for the inkjet decoration of glass substrates. Such an inkjet ink can avoid the drawbacks noted above and is described herein.

The present disclosure relates to a low temperature-calcined lead-free glass frit and paste, and a vacuum glass assembly using the same. The glass frit according to the present disclosure has a novel component system comprising V.sub.2O.sub.5, TeO.sub.2, CuO, BaO, one or more of Ag.sub.2O and Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, ZnO, and one or more of SnO and MoO.sub.3 at a characteristic composition ratio according to the disclosure, whereby the glass frit can replace a lead-based glass composition of the related art, can be calcined at a low temperature of 350° C. or lower and can ensure excellent chemical durability.