Disclosed is a conductive paste for a solar cell electrode. The conductive paste contains a metal powder, a glass frit, an organic vehicle, and a wax solution. The wax solution is prepared by activating a wax-based compound in a polydimethylsiloxane-based compound. In addition, a method of preparing the conductive paste is disclosed. With the use of the conductive paste, it is possible to reliably form fine-patterned front electrodes for solar cells, to improve the electrical characteristics of the electrodes, and to improve power generation efficiency of solar cells.

A glass coating composition for a fuel cell gasket is described. The coating comprises: a glass component effective to form an alkaline solution in the presence of an equivalent amount of water by weight, a binder component, a liquid carrier which is greater than 50% by volume: water, and a retarder effective to inhibit hardening of the composition. The glass coating composition is particularly useful in fuel cell gaskets and provides improved resistance to solidification in an aqueous dispersion.

Provided is a process for producing a wavelength conversion member which can suppress the reaction between inorganic nanophosphor particles and glass to suppress the deterioration of the inorganic nanophosphor particles, and the wavelength conversion member. The process for producing a wavelength conversion member includes the steps of: preparing inorganic nanophosphor particles 1 with an organic protective film formed on respective surfaces thereof; and mixing the inorganic nanophosphor particles 1 with glass powder and firing a resultant mixture in a temperature range where the organic protective films remain as retained films 3.

Procedure for controlling the chemical reaction in multi-layer ceramic decorations, according to interfacial and surface properties, in which the ceramic coating formulation is broken down into two separate compounds: on the one hand, a bottom layer formed by a glaze with part of the necessary oxides to obtain the ceramic effect, applied in the conventional manner over the ceramic substrate, and on the other hand, a top layer formed by an ink with the other necessary part of the oxides, applied by injection over the previous layer. The ceramic product is finished off with a firing process. This procedure has the advantage of regulating the penetration of the oxides of the top layer throughout the profile of the bottom layer, thus achieving an adequate concentration of oxides in the zone nearest to the surface, which permits optimization of the chemical reaction and thus, of the ceramic effect obtained.

A glass ceramic substrate includes: an inner layer part having a first thermal expansion coefficient; and a surface layer part having a second thermal expansion coefficient smaller than the first thermal expansion coefficient. The inner layer part contains a first glass matrix and flat alumina particles. The flat alumina particles are dispersed in the glass matrix in a direction in which individual thickness directions are substantially perpendicular to a surface direction of one of main surfaces of the inner layer part. Further, a mean aspect ratio of the flat alumina particles is 3 or more in one of cross sections along the thickness directions of the flat alumina particles out of cross sections of the inner layer part.

The present invention is directed to a silver paste for a Si solar cell comprising a high purity Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 additive and a solar cell having a silicon wafer with the silver paste on its front-side surface. The resultant cell exhibits improved efficiency.

A diffuse reflection material, a diffuse reflection layer, a wavelength conversion device, and a light source system are disclosed. The diffuse reflection material includes white scattering particles and an adhesive agent, where the whiteness of the white scattering particles is greater than 85, and the white scattering particles contain high reflection scattering particles with a whiteness of greater than 90, high refraction scattering particles with a refractive index of greater than or equal to 2.0, and high thermal conductivity scattering particles, where the high thermal conductivity scattering particles are boron nitrite and/or aluminum nitride particles, and the particle shape of the high thermal conductivity scattering particles is rod-like or flat. The reduction in the thickness of the diffuse reflection layer is realized while keeping a high reflectivity, thus causing the wavelength conversion device to have both a high light efficiency and high heat stability.

A diffuse reflection material, a diffuse reflection layer, a wavelength conversion device, and a light source system are disclosed. The diffuse reflection material includes white scattering particles and an adhesive agent, where the whiteness of the white scattering particles is greater than 85, and the white scattering particles contain high reflection scattering particles with a whiteness of greater than 90, high refraction scattering particles with a refractive index of greater than or equal to 2.0, and high thermal conductivity scattering particles, where the high thermal conductivity scattering particles are boron nitrite and/or aluminum nitride particles, and the particle shape of the high thermal conductivity scattering particles is rod-like or flat. The reduction in the thickness of the diffuse reflection layer is realized while keeping a high reflectivity, thus causing the wavelength conversion device to have both a high light efficiency and high heat stability.

Provided is a binder that has satisfactory storage stability and can express an excellent bonding strength for a glass fiber or powdered glass (impart a satisfactory strength to a bonded body with the glass fiber or the powdered glass). The binder of the present invention includes: a polymer having a hydroxyl group; and an ammonium salt of an inorganic acid, in which: the polymer contains a specific structural unit derived from a monomer represented by the general formula (1) and a specific structural unit derived from a monomer containing a carboxylic acid (salt) group; a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer represented by the general formula (1) is from 5 mol % to 40 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of structural units derived from all monomers; a content of the structural unit derived from the monomer containing a carboxylic acid (salt) group is from 60 mol % to 95 mol % with respect to 100 mol % of the structural units derived from all the monomers; 2 mol % or more of the carboxylic acid (salt) groups in the polymer are neutralized with a volatile base and/or a nonvolatile base; 0 mol % to 35 mol % of the carboxylic acid (salt) groups in the polymer are neutralized with the nonvolatile base; and 0 mol % to 100 mol % of the carboxylic acid (salt) groups in the polymer are neutralized with the volatile base.

The present disclosure provides a method for coating a composite structure, comprising forming a first slurry by combining a glass frit comprising a first phosphate glass composition with a first carrier fluid comprising an acid aluminum phosphate, wherein the ratio of aluminum to phosphoric acid is between 1 to 2 and 1 to 3, applying the first slurry on a surface of the composite structure to form a base layer, and heating the composite structure to a temperature sufficient to adhere the base layer to the composite structure.