Disclosed is an antifogging film-forming material obtained by reacting, in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt or quaternary phosphonium salt, a copolymer represented by a certain general formula with a multifunctional epoxy compound having a solubility of 40-100 mass % in 25° C. water. The antifogging film-forming material is characterized by having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000-5,000,000. With this material, it becomes possible to obtain an antifogging article excellent in antifogging property, heat resistance, chemical resistance and abrasion resistance.

The invention relates to a light extraction substrate having a light extraction layer. The light extraction layer includes boron, boroate, and/or borosilicate as well as nanoparticles.

A method for preparing a laminate substrate for a light emitting device includes providing a glass substrate having a refraction index, at 550 nm, of between 1.45 and 1.65, coating a glass frit having a refractive index, at 550 nm, of at least 1.7 onto the glass substrate, firing the resulting frit coated glass substrate at a temperature above the Littleton temperature of the glass frit thereby forming a first high index enamel layer, coating a metal oxide layer onto the first high index enamel layer, and firing the resulting coated glass substrate at a temperature above the Littleton temperature of the glass frit, thereby making react the metal oxide with the underlying first high index enamel layer and forming a second high index enamel layer with a plurality of spherical voids embedded in the upper section of the second high index enamel layer near the interface with air.

A composite silica glass made light diffusion member includes a dense silica glass, and a porous silica glass which has been layered on the surface of the dense silica glass. The porous silica glass is a porous body and has a homogeneous pore distribution. The porous body has a framework including a plurality of spherical silica glasses, contains a communicating pore part formed by spaces among them, and has a central pore size of 10 to 20 μm and a porosity of 25 to 40%. The spherical silica glasses have an average diameter of 30 to 100 μm. An average value of a specific arithmetic average roughness Ra in each of the spherical silica glass exposed on an outer surface of the porous silica glass is 0.8 to 4.0 nm.

A semi-transparent coating material for coating glass or glass ceramics includes at least one sol-gel hybrid-polymer coating system having a hybrid-polymer or inorganic sol-gel-based matrix, and nanoparticles and nanoscale pigments and/or dyes are added to the hybrid-polymer or inorganic sol-gel-based matrix.

This invention relates to materials and to films comprising molecular photoswitches. The films exhibit excellent photoswitchable properties in the dry state. This invention is also related to processes of making the materials and the films and to uses of the films. The invention also relates to devices and systems comprising the films of this invention.

The invention relates to an article comprising a substrate having at least one main surface coated with a layer L of a material M obtained by vacuum deposition, by co-evaporation, of at least one metallic compound A chosen from alkaline-earth metal fluorides and of at least one organic compound B, the material M having a refractive index at the wavelength of 632.8 nm ranging from 1.38 to 1.47. According to the invention: the organic compound B comprises an organosilicon compound or a mixture of organosilicon compounds; and the deposition of the compound B, in gaseous form, is carried out in the presence of an ion bombardment.

Vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, substrates including the vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix, and related methods of making vanadium oxide nanomaterials dispersed in a polymeric matrix are described.

Provided are a laminate including: a glass substrate; a layer (ca) including a binder; a particle (a2) having an average primary particle diameter of 100 nm to 380 nm; and a layer (b) including a pressure sensitive adhesive, in which the layer (ca) is present on a side closer to the glass substrate than the layer (b), and the particle (a2) is buried in layers obtained by combining the layer (ca) and the layer (b) and protrudes from an interface of the layer (ca) on a side opposite to an interface of the layer (ca) on the glass substrate side, an antireflection product using the laminate, and a method of manufacturing the laminate and an antireflection product.

A fire-resistant glazing unit includes a first untempered glass sheet, a second untempered glass sheet and a solid interlayer stack, wherein the interlayer stack includes a first intumescent layer, an essentially inorganic layer and a second intumescent layer.