A method and a device for printing onto containers, in particular bottles, made of glass are described. Containers that have been heated and coated by hot end coating are received from a transport section and transferred to a printing machine. The containers are cooled to a printing temperature in the region of the transport section and/or of the printing machine are provided with a printed image in the printing maching by direct printing. This allows for high-quality direct printing with sufficient resistance to mechanical stresses without cold end coating of the containers prior to the direct printing and/or without the resulting effort of improving the adhesive action of the print or of removing the cold end coating in the print region at least in part.

A glass composite includes a first glass member and a second glass member. The first glass member and the second glass member are at least partially connected with each other at the surfaces; and the glass composite has a light transmittance not lower than 95% of the light transmittance of the one, with the lower light transmittance, of the first glass member and the second glass member.

A method including obtaining an at least partially transparent object (1), providing a mask (6) defining at least one opening (8) wherein the contour corresponds to a profile of the anti-counterfeit marking to be structured, the mask (6) covering a surface of the at least partially transparent object (1) at the areas not to be structured, structuring the anti-counterfeit marking by bombarding the at least partially transparent object (1) by an ion beam (14) through the at least one opening (8) of the mask (6), the mechanical properties of the mask (6) being sufficient to prevent the ions of the ion beam (14) from etching the surface of the at least partially transparent object (1) at the areas where this surface is covered by the mask (6), removing the mask (6), and placing the at least partially transparent object (1) in a bath (16) at alkaline pH.

A bonding method for bonding two substrates (W1, W2) includes: a heat treatment process of heating a bonding surface to be bonded to each other of each of the two substrates (W1, W2) to a temperature higher than 60 C. in a reduced-pressure atmosphere; an activation treatment process of activating the bonding surface of each of the two substrates (W1, W2) in a state of maintaining the reduced-pressure atmosphere after the heat treatment process; and a bonding process of bonding the two substrates (W1, W2) in a state of maintaining the reduced-pressure atmosphere after the activation treatment process. In the heat treatment process, the state of heating the bonding surface of each of the two substrates (W1, W2) to a temperature higher than 60 C. may be maintained for 30 seconds or more in a state of maintaining the reduced-pressure atmosphere. The gas pressure in the heat treatment process may be 10.sup.2 Pa or less.

A plasma treatment apparatus and a plasma treatment method are provided. The apparatus includes a chamber, a planar plasma-generating electrode, a sample suspension and holding system, and an optical observation system. The chamber defines a processing inner chamber, and the top portion of the chamber has a window. The planar plasma-generating electrode is located in the processing inner chamber for generating a planar plasma. The sample suspension and holding system is disposed opposite to the planar plasma-generating electrode in the processing inner chamber to suspend and hold a sample. The optical observation system is located in the processing inner chamber adjacent to the sample suspension and holding system to measure the thickness range of a planar plasma effective influence region through the window of the chamber.

A process for making a functionalized hollow body includes: providing a hollow body including a wall which at least partially surrounds an interior volume of the hollow body, the wall including a layer of glass and having a wall surface with a surface region; at least partially superimposing the layer of glass in the surface region with a functionalizing composition precursor on a side of the layer of glass which faces away from the interior volume, the functionalizing composition precursor including one or more siloxanes; and at least partially contacting the functionalizing composition precursor with a plasma, thereby obtaining the functionalized hollow body including a functionalizing composition which at least partially superimposes the layer of glass in the surface region on the side of the layer of glass which faces away from the interior volume.

Described herein is functionalized glass allowing for robust attachment of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) withstanding extended culturing periods. By first treating glass with a sulfur silane reagent, the treated glass can be activated via an amine-sulfur linker, after which ECM proteins are attached to the linker. The Inventors observed that this glass treatment combination (sulfur silane-linker-ECM) resisted degradation when compared to conventional surface coatings, such as poly-L-orthinine coated glass.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide an apparatus and methods for localized stress modulation for overlay and substrate distortion using electron or ion implantation directly to a glass substrate. In one embodiment, a process for modifying a bulk property of a glass substrate generally includes identifying a stress pattern of a glass substrate, determining doping parameters to correct a defect (e.g., overlay error or substrate distortion) based on the stress pattern, and providing a treatment recipe to a treatment tool, wherein the treatment recipe is formulated according to the doping parameters. The process may further include performing a doping treatment process on the glass substrate using the treatment recipe to correct the overlay error or substrate distortion. In some embodiments, the treatment recipe is determined by comparing the stress pattern with a database library containing data correlating stress changes in glass substrates to various doping parameters.

Provided is a manufacturing method of a sheet-through image reading apparatus, including a first step of preparing a contact glass, a second step of bonding, after the first step, a heat-resistant and insulative sheet-shaped material to a predetermined position on a major surface of the contact glass, as a transport guide member, a third step of executing plasma processing on the major surface of the contact glass after the second step, a fourth step of executing a fluorine coating on the major surface of the contact glass after the third step, a fifth step of sintering the contact glass after the fourth step, and a sixth step of fixing the contact glass to a casing of the image reading apparatus, after the fifth step.

A glass composition includes oxides which form non-volatile fluorides at a temperature of 150? C. and a pressure of 5 Pa or less and are present in an amount of less than 0.5 mol % in the glass composition, based on all oxides present in the glass composition. A working point of the glass composition is 1400? C. or less. The glass composition has a hydrolytic resistance characterized by a leachability of GeO.sub.2, P.sub.2O.sub.5 and/or B.sub.2O.sub.3 from the glass composition determined as concentrations in an eluate prepared according to ISO 719 of at least one of the following: less than 70 mg/l GeO.sub.2 in the eluate per 1 mol % GeO.sub.2 in the glass composition; less than 70 mg/l P.sub.2O.sub.5 in the eluate per 1 mol % P.sub.2O.sub.5 in the glass composition; or less than 300 mg/l B.sub.2O.sub.3 in the eluate per 1 mol % B.sub.2O.sub.3 in the glass composition.