A substrate is coated on one face with a thin-films stack having reflection properties in the infrared and/or in solar radiation including a single metallic functional layer, based on silver or on a metal alloy containing silver, and two antireflection coatings. The coatings each include at least one dielectric layer. The functional layer is positioned between the two antireflection coatings. At least one of the antireflection coatings includes an intermediate layer including zinc tin oxide Sn.sub.xZn.sub.yO.sub.z with a ratio of 0.1x/y2.4, with 0.75(2x +y)z 0.95(2x +y) and having a physical thickness of between 2 nm and 25 nm, or even between 2 nm and 12 nm.

The invention relates to an article comprising a substrate having at least one main surface coated with a layer L of a material M obtained by vacuum deposition, by co-evaporation, of at least one metallic compound A chosen from alkaline-earth metal fluorides and of at least one organic compound B, the material M having a refractive index at the wavelength of 632.8 nm ranging from 1.38 to 1.47. According to the invention: the organic compound B comprises an organosilicon compound or a mixture of organosilicon compounds; and the deposition of the compound B, in gaseous form, is carried out in the presence of an ion bombardment.

The present invention relates to a method for hard coating glass containers comprising the steps of: Providing a heated glass container; Applying a coating composition on the outer surface of the heated glass container; Annealing the applied coating composition onto the outer surface of the heated glass container to obtain a coated glass container; wherein the coating composition comprises a metal and/or metalloid alcoholate, such as an alcoholate of titanium(IV), zirconium (IV), aluminium (III), tantalum (V), silicon (IV) and/or germanium (IV), in a solvent with a boiling point above 90? C., a coated glass container coated with the method as described above or below and the use of a coating composition comprising a metal alcoholate in a solvent with a boiling point above 90? C. for increasing the hardness of a coated glass container.

An apparatus for coating glass articles includes a housing structure defining a chamber for receiving air or other fluid from a source of pressurized air that is in fluid communication with the chamber. The housing structure has an open end and a surface defined along at least a portion of the open end. A hot-swappable insert is removably positioned on the surface. The hot-swappable insert has a series of apertures for distributing the air or other fluid from the chamber and onto a surface of the glass articles that are positioned adjacent the insert. The insert can be replaced with another insert to adjust the flow path of the air or other fluid onto the glass articles.

The disclosure relates to a metal nanowire structure. The metal nanowire structure includes a substrate and a metal nanowire film located on the substrate. The metal nanowire film includes a number of first metal nanowires parallel with and spaced from each other. A width of each of the plurality of first metal nanowires is in a range from about 0.5 nanometers to about 50 nanometers. Each of the plurality of first metal nanowires is a solid structure and consists of metal material.

Disclosed herein are methods for treating a glass substrate, comprising bringing a surface of the glass substrate into contact with a plasma comprising at least one hydrocarbon for a time sufficient to form a coating on at least a portion of the surface. Also disclosed herein are glass substrates comprising at least one surface, wherein at least a portion of the surface is coated with a layer comprising at least one hydrocarbon, wherein the coated portion of the surface has a contact angle ranging from about 15 degrees to about 95 degrees, and/or a surface energy of less than about 65 mJ/m.sup.2.

A method of coating a surface of a glass ribbon during a drawing process using atmospheric vapor deposition is provided. The method includes forming a glass ribbon in a viscoelastic state, desirably with a fusion draw. The glass ribbon is drawn in the viscoelastic state. The glass ribbon is cooled in the viscoelastic state into an elastic state. The glass ribbon is directed into an open end of a reactor. The reactor includes multiple channels. A first channel directs a first reactant gas, a second channel directs a second reactant gas and one or more third channels draw excess reactant, or purge it with inert gas flow, or both.

An optical element that features high transmission and low reflectivity at infrared wavelengths is described. The optical element includes a substrate, an adhesion layer on the substrate, and an anti-reflection coating. Substrates include chalcogenide glasses, InAs, and GaAs. Adhesion layers include Se, ZnSe, Ga.sub.2Se.sub.3, Bi.sub.2Se.sub.3, In.sub.2Se.sub.3, ZnS, Ga.sub.2S.sub.3 and In.sub.2S.sub.3. Anti-reflection coatings include one or more layers of DLC (diamond-like carbon), ZnS, ZnSe, Ge, Si, HfO.sub.2, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, GdF.sub.3, YbF.sub.3, In.sub.2Se.sub.3, and YF.sub.3. The optical elements show high durability and good adhesion when subjected to thermal shocks, temperature cycling, abrasion, and humidity.

The present invention aims to provide a vehicular exterior member that is excellent in strength and cost, and sufficiently ensures a viewing field of sharpness of a thermal image obtained by a far-infrared camera. A vehicular exterior member that includes a light blocking region and is configured to be attached to a vehicle equipped with a far-infrared camera. The vehicular exterior member further includes, in the light blocking region, a far-infrared ray transmitting region having an opening and a far-infrared ray transmitting member disposed in the opening. An average transmittance of far-infrared rays having a wavelength ranging from 8 to 13 ?m of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 25%. A length of the longest straight line in straight lines connecting any desired two points on a surface on a vehicle exterior side of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or smaller than 80 mm. A diameter of the largest circle in circles formed in a projected shape obtained by projecting the far-infrared ray transmitting member in an optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera is equal to or larger than 12 mm. An average thickness of the far-infrared ray transmitting member is equal to or larger than 1.5 mm.

Apparatus and methods for processing a glass sheet can include a coating chamber including a dispensing port to dispense a coating on a major surface of the glass sheet. In some embodiments, an apparatus can include a fog chamber including an enclosure, a fog generator to provide fog to the enclosure, and a passage in the enclosure from which fog can exit the enclosure to contact a major surface of the glass sheet. In some embodiments a method can include providing a glass sheet to a coating chamber, and dispensing a coating on a major surface of the glass sheet. In some embodiments, a method can include providing a glass sheet to a fog chamber, providing fog to an enclosure of the fog chamber, and contacting a major surface of the glass sheet with the fog by passing the fog from the enclosure through a passage in the enclosure.