Disclosed is a joined ceramic body comprising a first ceramic portion comprising a first ceramic, a second ceramic portion comprising a second ceramic, and a joining layer formed between the first ceramic portion and the second ceramic portion. The joining layer has a bond thickness of from 0.5 to 20 um and comprises silicon dioxide having a total impurity content of 20 ppm and less. A method of making the joined ceramic body and a joining material are also disclosed.

A refractory object may include a zircon body that is intentionally doped with a dopant including an alkaline earth element and aluminum. The refractory object can have an improved creep deformation rate. In an embodiment, the refractory object can have a creep deformation rate of not greater than about 1.8 E-5 h.sup.−1 at a temperature of 1350° C. and a stress of 2 MPa. In another embodiment, the zircon body may include an amorphous phase including an alkaline earth metal element.

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a ceramic susceptor, the method including: preparing ceramic sheets; preparing a lamination structure of a molded body, in which the ceramic sheets are laminated and a conductive metal layer for electrodes is disposed between the ceramic sheet laminated products; and sintering the lamination structure of the molded body, wherein the preparing of the ceramic sheets includes: obtaining a vitrified first additive powder by heat-treating a slurry containing MgO, SiO.sub.2, and CaO; preparing a slurry by mixing an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 powder with the first additive powder, a second additive powder containing a MgO powder, and a third additive powder containing a Y.sub.2O.sub.3 powder; and forming the ceramic sheets by tape casting the slurry.

Provided is a member for a plasma processing apparatus consisting of a tungsten carbide phase. The member includes at least one type of atom selected from the group consisting of a Fe atom, a Co atom, and a Ni atom, in which the total content of the atoms is in a range of 30 to 3300 atomic ppm.

A method of separating a mixture of used refractory components of different chemistry types obtained from a demolished refractory includes hydrating the mixture of refractory components to destructively hydrate at least some components of the mixture of refractory components, and separating, based on size, the at least some components from other components of the mixture of refractory components.

An abrasive article includes a body having a bond material extending throughout the body and abrasive particles contained in the bond material. The bond material can include aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2O.sub.3) and lithium oxide (Li.sub.2O). In an embodiment, the bond material can include a ratio (Al.sub.2O.sub.3/Li.sub.2O) of a content of aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2O.sub.3) relative to a content of lithium oxide (Li.sub.2O), based on weight percent, of greater than 11.5 and at most 20. In another embodiment, the abrasive article can have a versatility factor of greater than 1.90.

The present invention provides a high alumina fused cast refractory that is easily produced and has low porosity and high corrosion resistance, and a method of producing the same. The high alumina fused cast refractory of the present invention has the following chemical composition: 95.0 mass % to 99.5 mass % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.20 mass % to 1.50 mass % SiO.sub.2, 0.05 mass % to 1.50 mass % B.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.05 mass % to 1.20 mass % MgO and balance. The method of producing the high alumina fused cast refractory of the present invention includes obtaining a mixture by mixing an Al.sub.2O.sub.3 source material, a SiO.sub.2 source material, a B.sub.2O.sub.3 source material and an MgO source material, and fusing the mixture.

The invention relates to a method for producing a non-oxide ceramic powder comprising a nitride, a carbide, a boride or at least one MAX phase with the general composition Mn+1AXn, where M=at least one element from the group of transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf and Ta), A=at least one A group element from the group (Si, Al, Ga, Ge, As, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb), X=carbon (C) and/or nitrogen (N) and/or boron (B), and n=1, 2 or 3. According to the invention, corresponding quantities of elementary starting materials or other precursors are mixed with at least one metal halide salt (NZ), compressed (pellet), and heated for synthesis with a metal halide salt (NZ). The compressed pellet is first enveloped with another metal halide salt, compressed again, arranged in a salt bath and heated therewith until the melting temperature of the salt is exceeded. Optionally, melted silicate can be added, which prevents the salt from evaporating at high temperatures. Advantageously, the method can be carried out in the presence of air.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a metal nitride by igniting a raw material powder containing a metal powder filled in a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere and propagating nitriding combustion heat generated by a nitriding reaction of the metal to the whole raw material powder, the method including forming a heat insulating layer made of a material having nitrogen permeability and inert to the nitriding reaction on an upper surface of a layer made of the raw material powder. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for reducing the amount of unreacted metal powder when producing a metal nitride by a combustion synthesis method.

Process for treating a porous dental zirconia block with a coloring solution, the process comprising the steps of providing a porous dental zirconia block having two opposing surfaces, surface U and surface L, treating the upper surface U of the porous dental zirconia block with a coloring solution A.sub.1, wherein the coloring solution is provided with a volume VA.sub.1, turning the porous dental zirconia block around, treating the lower surface L with a coloring solution A.sub.2 which is provided with a volume VA.sub.2. wherein the coloring solutions A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 comprise a solvent and coloring ions, wherein the volume of at least one of the coloring solutions A.sub.1 or A.sub.2 is applied in portions, wherein the following condition is met: Vo=ΣV.sub.AX, with x≥2, with Vo being the overall amount of coloring solution used to infiltrate the porous dental zirconia block.