Embodiments provided for herein related to pomace leachate, such as being used as a herbicide. In some embodiments, the herbicide comprises a seed extract, concentrated pomace leachate, a diluent of some combination thereof. Embodiments provided for herein further related to a method of using a herbicide as described herein, the method comprising contact the herbicide to a target ground area in an amount sufficient to function as a herbicide. Also provided herein are methods of making a herbicide from a pomace leachate.

A process for production of anaerobic digestate based organic fertilizer includes combining anaerobic digestate and one or more grain by-products to create a combination of anaerobic digestate and one or more grain by-products. The combination of anaerobic digestate and one or more grain by-products is processed to yield the pH adjusted anaerobic digestate based organic fertilizer product.

The invention relates to a method of producing a fertilizer composition from a feedstock that includes alcoholic beverages, waste product derived from the production of alcoholic beverages, or mixtures of the same. The feedstock is subjected to distillation to remove most of the ethanol and pH adjustment using a base. The invention also relates to a method of imparting flavor to a plant starting with the same feedstock, subjecting the feedstock to distillation and pH adjustment, and adding a flavorant to the resultant liquid before fertilizing the plant. The invention also relates to a method of producing a solid or liquid and solid foodstuff suitable for fish, bovine, swine, and the like for increasing dietary efficiency and reducing environmentally harmful solid and gaseous output.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition for use in land application. The method comprises: (a) obtaining a fermentation product by a production process comprising the steps of: (i) treating lignocellulosic feedstock to produce sugar; (ii) fermenting the sugar to produce a fermented mixture comprising the fermentation product; and (iii) recovering the fermentation product from the fermented mixture in one or more stages to produce a concentrated fermentation product and still bottoms; and

(b) recovering the still bottoms, the still bottoms comprising organic and inorganic components; and (c) providing the still bottoms for use in a land application. Also provided is a soil conditioning composition for use in land application. The soil conditioning composition contains still bottoms and optionally other components.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition for use in land application. The method comprises: (a) obtaining a fermentation product by a production process comprising the steps of: (i) treating lignocellulosic feedstock to produce sugar; (ii) fermenting the sugar to produce a fermented mixture comprising the fermentation product; and (iii) recovering the fermentation product from the fermented mixture in one or more stages to produce a concentrated fermentation product and still bottoms; and

(b) recovering the still bottoms, the still bottoms comprising organic and inorganic components; and (c) providing the still bottoms for use in a land application. Also provided is a soil conditioning composition for use in land application. The soil conditioning composition contains still bottoms and optionally other components.

A solid waste treatment method includes the steps of: degradation and sterilization via chlorination of the solid waste, stabilization of the solid waste and regeneration of biomass to reduce or eliminate solid waste. The solid waste treatment method may be utilized in agricultural, industrial or municipal settings.

Melanin or inorganic fertilizers are produced from fermentation leachates or from low-cost nutrient-rich solutions. The method for producing the melanin or inorganic fertilizer comprises repetitive trophic cycling in the controlled conditions of primary and secondary bioreactors. Nutrients are cycled between microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast and fungi and black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia illucens. Polysaccharides are partly converted into natural melanins or inorganic fertilizer, which are difficult to biodegrade and hence accumulate in the bioreactors. The method can employ, as a source of nutrients, leachates produced from food waste or from sugar-rich liquid waste of the food industry. These leachates can be used raw or can be augmented with low-cost sugar-rich solutions such as molasses, hydrolyzed cellulose or starch. The method is inexpensive and does not require the use of expensive chemically-defined culture media.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition for use in land application. The method comprises: (a) obtaining a fermentation product by a production process comprising the steps of: (i) treating lignocellulosic feedstock to produce sugar; (ii) fermenting the sugar to produce a fermented mixture comprising the fermentation product; and (iii) recovering the fermentation product from the fermented mixture in one or more stages to produce a concentrated fermentation product and still bottoms; and (b) recovering the still bottoms, the still bottoms comprising organic and inorganic components; and (c) providing the still bottoms for use in a land application. Also provided is a soil conditioning composition for use in land application. The soil conditioning composition contains still bottoms and optionally other components.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composition for use in land application. The method comprises: (a) obtaining a fermentation product by a production process comprising the steps of: (i) treating lignocellulosic feedstock to produce sugar; (ii) fermenting the sugar to produce a fermented mixture comprising the fermentation product; and (iii) recovering the fermentation product from the fermented mixture in one or more stages to produce a concentrated fermentation product and still bottoms; and (b) recovering the still bottoms, the still bottoms comprising organic and inorganic components; and (c) providing the still bottoms for use in a land application. Also provided is a soil conditioning composition for use in land application. The soil conditioning composition contains still bottoms and optionally other components.

A method for preparing a plant derived product or a process intermediate or a process input, the method comprising the steps of providing a plant derived starting material, subjecting the starting material to a forward osmosis step against a draw solution so as to produce a plant material concentrate, and subjecting the draw solution to a water removal step. The water removal step may include further forward osmosis in combination with an evaporator system.