A method of combatting colour loss from a dyed material, the method comprising contacting the material with a composition comprising an alpha-substituted aldehyde.

The present invention relates to polyethylene glycol derivatives and use thereof.

The present invention relates to polyethylene glycol derivatives and use thereof.

An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

There is provided a method for producing hydroxypivalaldehyde (HPA), including steps (i) to (iii) below in this order,

Step (i): a reaction step of reacting IBAL with FA to produce a reaction solution containing HPA,

step (ii): an extraction step of extracting the reaction solution with an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) under basicity to obtain an extract containing HPA, and

step (iii): a distillation and collection step of distilling the extract and then collecting HPA from the residue,

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wherein R represents a saturated alkyl group having 3 or more and 7 or less carbon atoms,

further wherein the distillation step of the step (iii) is a step of distilling an extract in the presence of water, and an amount of the water which is subjected to the distillation is 100 parts by mass or more and 2,000 parts by mass or less, with respect to a total amount, 100 parts by mass, of isobutyraldehyde (IBAL) derived from a raw material and an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) in an extract which is subjected to the distillation.

The method enables HPA to be mass-produced and the collecting ratio of HPA to be improved while selectively removing impurities other than water contained in HPA, specifically IBAL and the like. According to the method for producing HPA as mentioned above, it is possible to reduce the content of neopentyl glycol-isobutyrate, isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-acetal, and isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-aldol as specific impurities byproduced from HPA.

There is provided a method for producing hydroxypivalaldehyde (HPA), including steps (i) to (iii) below in this order,

Step (i): a reaction step of reacting IBAL with FA to produce a reaction solution containing HPA,

step (ii): an extraction step of extracting the reaction solution with an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) under basicity to obtain an extract containing HPA, and

step (iii): a distillation and collection step of distilling the extract and then collecting HPA from the residue,

##STR00001##

wherein R represents a saturated alkyl group having 3 or more and 7 or less carbon atoms,

further wherein the distillation step of the step (iii) is a step of distilling an extract in the presence of water, and an amount of the water which is subjected to the distillation is 100 parts by mass or more and 2,000 parts by mass or less, with respect to a total amount, 100 parts by mass, of isobutyraldehyde (IBAL) derived from a raw material and an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) in an extract which is subjected to the distillation.

The method enables HPA to be mass-produced and the collecting ratio of HPA to be improved while selectively removing impurities other than water contained in HPA, specifically IBAL and the like. According to the method for producing HPA as mentioned above, it is possible to reduce the content of neopentyl glycol-isobutyrate, isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-acetal, and isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-aldol as specific impurities byproduced from HPA.

There is provided a method for producing hydroxypivalaldehyde (HPA), including steps (i) to (iii) below in this order,

Step (i): a reaction step of reacting IBAL with FA to produce a reaction solution containing HPA,

step (ii): an extraction step of extracting the reaction solution with an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) under basicity to obtain an extract containing HPA, and

step (iii): a distillation and collection step of distilling the extract and then collecting HPA from the residue,

##STR00001##

wherein R represents a saturated alkyl group having 3 or more and 7 or less carbon atoms,

further wherein the distillation step of the step (iii) is a step of distilling an extract in the presence of water, and an amount of the water which is subjected to the distillation is 100 parts by mass or more and 2,000 parts by mass or less, with respect to a total amount, 100 parts by mass, of isobutyraldehyde (IBAL) derived from a raw material and an aldehyde solvent represented by formula (1) in an extract which is subjected to the distillation.

The method enables HPA to be mass-produced and the collecting ratio of HPA to be improved while selectively removing impurities other than water contained in HPA, specifically IBAL and the like. According to the method for producing HPA as mentioned above, it is possible to reduce the content of neopentyl glycol-isobutyrate, isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-acetal, and isobutylaldehyde-hydroxypivalaldehyde-aldol as specific impurities byproduced from HPA.

The application relates to compositions comprising compounds of Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III and the use of these compositions in the fragrance industry, i.e., for the production of perfumes, air fresheners, laundry detergents, household cleaning products, liquid or bar soaps, shampoos, conditioners, hair sprays, cosmetics, deodorants, insect repellants, insecticides, and pet litter.

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Methods for total chemical synthesis of Resolvin E1 (RvE1) include Wittig reaction of two compounds having hydroxyl protecting group in the presence of a strong base, removal of the hydroxyl-protecting groups with a deprotecting reagent to produce a compound having an ester group, and hydrolysis of the ester group to obtain RvE1