Described herein is a hydroformylation catalyst system and method useful for producing aldehydes from olefin substrates, without using carbon monoxide gas. The hydroformylation catalyst system includes a hydroformylation catalyst complex including a Group 9 metal complexed with a phosphine-based ligand; a syngas surrogate including formic acid and an anhydride compound, which forms carbon monoxide in situ; and hydrogen, which may derive from the syngas surrogate or not derived from the syngas surrogate. The method involves reacting the olefin substrate with a syngas surrogate in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst complex, wherein the syngas surrogate forms carbon monoxide, and optionally hydrogen, in situ, and then isolating the aldehyde compound from a reaction mixture.

Described herein is a hydroformylation catalyst system and method useful for producing aldehydes from olefin substrates, without using carbon monoxide gas. The hydroformylation catalyst system includes a hydroformylation catalyst complex including a Group 9 metal complexed with a phosphine-based ligand; a syngas surrogate including formic acid and an anhydride compound, which forms carbon monoxide in situ; and hydrogen, which may derive from the syngas surrogate or not derived from the syngas surrogate. The method involves reacting the olefin substrate with a syngas surrogate in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst complex, wherein the syngas surrogate forms carbon monoxide, and optionally hydrogen, in situ, and then isolating the aldehyde compound from a reaction mixture.

Process for hydroformylation of olefins using Pt and iodine.

Process for hydroformylation of olefins using Pt and iodine.

A fragrance precursor of 3-(4-isobutyl-2-methyl phenyl)propanal, comprising at least an enamine and/or an aminal as reaction product of 3-(4-isobutyl-2-methylphenyl)propanal (compound according to formula (I)) and a primary and/or secondary amine

##STR00001##

useful as a perfume ingredient.

A fragrance precursor of 3-(4-isobutyl-2-methyl phenyl)propanal, comprising at least an enamine and/or an aminal as reaction product of 3-(4-isobutyl-2-methylphenyl)propanal (compound according to formula (I)) and a primary and/or secondary amine

##STR00001##

useful as a perfume ingredient.

A compound represented by the formula 1

##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is H, or when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is H, then R.sub.1 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; R.sub.2 is H, or when R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 is H, then R.sub.2 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; R.sub.3 is H, or when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is H, then R.sub.3 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; and R.sub.4 is methyl or a branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted (optionally with cyclopropyl groups), C.sub.2-C.sub.7 alkyl or alkenyl residue, preferentially isobutyl, isoamyl.

Said compounds are useful as perfume ingredients in personal care and household care products.

A compound represented by the formula 1

##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is H, or when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is H, then R.sub.1 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; R.sub.2 is H, or when R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 is H, then R.sub.2 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; R.sub.3 is H, or when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is H, then R.sub.3 is CHR.sub.5CHR.sub.6CHO, CR.sub.5═CR.sub.6CHO or C(CH.sub.3)CHO, wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6 each independently may represent H or methyl; and R.sub.4 is methyl or a branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted (optionally with cyclopropyl groups), C.sub.2-C.sub.7 alkyl or alkenyl residue, preferentially isobutyl, isoamyl.

Said compounds are useful as perfume ingredients in personal care and household care products.

There are provided a novel aromatic aldehyde compound capable of providing an epoxy resin coating film and an epoxy resin cured material satisfying all of the excellent surface property (smoothness, gloss), drying property, water resistance, transparency and adhesion, and an epoxy resin curing agent and an epoxy resin composition containing the aromatic aldehyde compound. The aromatic aldehyde has a branched alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms.

There are provided a novel aromatic aldehyde compound capable of providing an epoxy resin coating film and an epoxy resin cured material satisfying all of the excellent surface property (smoothness, gloss), drying property, water resistance, transparency and adhesion, and an epoxy resin curing agent and an epoxy resin composition containing the aromatic aldehyde compound. The aromatic aldehyde has a branched alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms.