A process for large scale and energy efficient production of oxygenates from sugar is disclosed in which a sugar feedstock is introduced into a thermolytic fragmentation reactor comprising a fluidized stream of heat carrying particles which are separated from the reaction product and directed to a reheater comprising a resistance heating system.

A process for large scale and energy efficient production of oxygenates from sugar is disclosed in which a sugar feedstock is introduced into a thermolytic fragmentation reactor comprising a fluidized stream of heat carrying particles which are separated from the reaction product and directed to a reheater comprising a resistance heating system.

Embodiments are directed to therapeutic, diagnostic, or functional complexes comprising a kethoxal derivative.

A (Z)-solanone has the steric formula of: ##STR00001##
or ##STR00002##
with the name of (S,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one or (R,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one. A process for the preparation of the (Z)-type solanone and the use thereof in flavoring of cigarette shred are further disclosed. The process includes the following steps: (1) reacting isopentanal and methyl vinyl ketone, under the action of a catalyst and a co-catalyst, to give (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal; (2) reacting the (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or the (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal obtained in step (1) with (iodomethyl)triphenylphosphonium iodide, to give (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one; and (3) reacting the (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or the (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one obtained in step (2) with pinacol isopropenylborate in the presence of a catalyst to give the (Z)-solanone.

A (Z)-solanone has the steric formula of: ##STR00001##
or ##STR00002##
with the name of (S,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one or (R,Z)-5-isopropyl-8-methyl-6,8-diene-2-one. A process for the preparation of the (Z)-type solanone and the use thereof in flavoring of cigarette shred are further disclosed. The process includes the following steps: (1) reacting isopentanal and methyl vinyl ketone, under the action of a catalyst and a co-catalyst, to give (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal; (2) reacting the (S)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal or the (R)-2-isopropyl-5-carbonylhexanal obtained in step (1) with (iodomethyl)triphenylphosphonium iodide, to give (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one; and (3) reacting the (S,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one or the (R,Z)-7-iodo-5-isopropyl-6-ene-2-one obtained in step (2) with pinacol isopropenylborate in the presence of a catalyst to give the (Z)-solanone.

A process for large scale and energy efficient production of oxygenates from sugar is disclosed in which a sugar feedstock is introduced into a thermolytic fragmentation reactor comprising a fluidized stream of heat carrying particles which are separated from the reaction product and directed to a reheater comprising a resistance heating system.

A process for large scale and energy efficient production of oxygenates from sugar is disclosed in which a sugar feedstock is introduced into a thermolytic fragmentation reactor comprising a fluidized stream of heat carrying particles which are separated from the reaction product and directed to a reheater comprising a resistance heating system.

The present invention refers to aryl beta diketones of the formula (I)

##STR00001## wherein Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meaning R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, CF.sub.3 and F; R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl; R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl; and Y is a bivalent residue selected from the group consisting of C(O); CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C(O); CR.sup.IR.sup.IIC(O), wherein R.sup.I and R.sup.II are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl; and CHR.sup.IIICHR.sup.IVC(O), wherein R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso, that R.sup.IIIR.sup.IV are hydrogen or either R.sup.III or R.sup.IV is methyl. The invention further refers to fragrance compositions and fragranced articles comprising them.

The present invention refers to aryl beta diketones of the formula (I)

##STR00001## wherein Y, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the meaning R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, CF.sub.3 and F; R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl; R.sup.3 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl; and Y is a bivalent residue selected from the group consisting of C(O); CH.sub.2CH.sub.2C(O); CR.sup.IR.sup.IIC(O), wherein R.sup.I and R.sup.II are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl; and CHR.sup.IIICHR.sup.IVC(O), wherein R.sup.III and R.sup.IV are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl with the proviso, that R.sup.IIIR.sup.IV are hydrogen or either R.sup.III or R.sup.IV is methyl. The invention further refers to fragrance compositions and fragranced articles comprising them.

A process for the preparation of ethylene glycol comprising the steps of pyrolyzing a monosaccharide and hydrogenating the product composition in the presence of a catalyst and a solvent, wherein the pressure of the hydrogenation reaction is 40 bar or greater.