Electrocatalysts composed of single atoms or metal clusters dispersed over porous carbon support were prepared by a lithium-melt method. The new catalysts demonstrated high selectivity, high Faradic efficiency and low overpotential toward to the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to chemicals.

In one aspect, the invention provides compounds of Formula I, and salts, hydrates and isomers thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of promoting bone formation in a subject in need thereof by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III. The present invention also provides orthopedic and periodontal devices, as well as methods for the treatment of renal disease and cancer, using a compound of Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III. ##STR00001##

In one aspect, the invention provides compounds of Formula I, and salts, hydrates and isomers thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides a method of promoting bone formation in a subject in need thereof by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III. The present invention also provides orthopedic and periodontal devices, as well as methods for the treatment of renal disease and cancer, using a compound of Formula I, Formula II, or Formula III. ##STR00001##

Method and device for the preparation of monophasic powders of actinide salts which are precursors in the production of fuel pellets. In one aspect, a compact and simple device is provided to obtain dry monophasic powders of actinide salts in one stage, while increasing the productivity, chemical and nuclear safety of the process. In a second aspect, the method comprises feeding of nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid to a cylindrical healed reactor, grinding the resulting powder, and disc hanging the powder. The nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid are continuously metered to the upper zone of the reactor so that the reactive chemicals are mixed in a thin film on the heat-exchange surface, where the reaction mixture is continuously stirred by rotor blades. Also occurring are the processes of denitration, formation of the relevant compounds, their drying and grinding and collecting dry salts of actinides in a hopper by gravity.

Method and device for the preparation of monophasic powders of actinide salts which are precursors in the production of fuel pellets. In one aspect, a compact and simple device is provided to obtain dry monophasic powders of actinide salts in one stage, while increasing the productivity, chemical and nuclear safety of the process. In a second aspect, the method comprises feeding of nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid to a cylindrical healed reactor, grinding the resulting powder, and disc hanging the powder. The nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid are continuously metered to the upper zone of the reactor so that the reactive chemicals are mixed in a thin film on the heat-exchange surface, where the reaction mixture is continuously stirred by rotor blades. Also occurring are the processes of denitration, formation of the relevant compounds, their drying and grinding and collecting dry salts of actinides in a hopper by gravity.

Disclosed are adsorption complexes that include 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and a metal coordination polymer network (MCPN), wherein the MCPN is a porous material, and the 1-MCP is adsorbed into the MCPN. Also disclosed are kits for containing 1-MCP that include the adsorption complex in a 1-MCP-impermeable package. Also disclosed are methods of releasing 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) from the kit that include the application of aqueous fluids, heat, and/or pressure.

Disclosed are adsorption complexes that include 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and a metal coordination polymer network (MCPN), wherein the MCPN is a porous material, and the 1-MCP is adsorbed into the MCPN. Also disclosed are kits for containing 1-MCP that include the adsorption complex in a 1-MCP-impermeable package. Also disclosed are methods of releasing 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) from the kit that include the application of aqueous fluids, heat, and/or pressure.

Some embodiments of the invention include methods of using a compound (e.g., Formula (I)) for the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate by contacting the carbon dioxide with a composition comprising a compound. In certain embodiments, the source of the carbon dioxide is air or is flue gas. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.

Some embodiments of the invention include methods of using a compound (e.g., Formula (I)) for the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate by contacting the carbon dioxide with a composition comprising a compound. In certain embodiments, the source of the carbon dioxide is air or is flue gas. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.

Methods of producing hydrogen are described. A method can include combining an aqueous base, formaldehyde, and a transition metal complex having a coordination bond between a transition metal and a leaving group to form a homogeneous aqueous solution having a basic pH. The leaving group dissociates from the transition metal complex in response to light and/or the basic pH of the solution to produce hydrogen (H2) gas and formate or a salt thereof from the formaldehyde present in the homogeneous aqueous solution. Subsequent hydrogenation of the formate or a salt thereof produces formaldehyde.