A method for separating a homogeneous catalyst from a solution includes forming a host-guest compound between a first isomer of the catalyst and inclusion compound in the solution and isolating the host-guest compound from the solution. The catalyst may be released from the inclusion compound by converting the first isomer of the catalyst to a second isomer of the catalyst.

A polymerization initiator composition includes isomers of the polymerization initiator, thereby preventing instability and inertness of the polymerization initiator and physical property degradation of the SSBR, minimizing by-products and unreacted materials, and remarkably improving a conversion ratio. In addition, when the polymerization initiator composition according to the present invention is used, there is no need to add a polar additive separately upon polymer polymerization, since the polar additive is already added at the time of preparing the polymerization initiator. Further, the polymer initiator composition has high polarity so that the hydrophobic SSBR and the hydrophilic silica can be effectively dispersed.

A polymerization initiator composition includes isomers of the polymerization initiator, thereby preventing instability and inertness of the polymerization initiator and physical property degradation of the SSBR, minimizing by-products and unreacted materials, and remarkably improving a conversion ratio. In addition, when the polymerization initiator composition according to the present invention is used, there is no need to add a polar additive separately upon polymer polymerization, since the polar additive is already added at the time of preparing the polymerization initiator. Further, the polymer initiator composition has high polarity so that the hydrophobic SSBR and the hydrophilic silica can be effectively dispersed.

A chemical reaction is catalyzed in an organic solvent using a water soluble N-heterocyclic carbene homogeneous catalyst to form a reaction mixture. An aqueous phase in the reaction mixture. A solvent in which the catalyst is insoluble is added to the reaction mixture, causing the catalyst to migrate to the aqueous phase to form a catalyst-laden aqueous phase. The catalyst is extracted from the catalyst-laden aqueous phase.

A chemical reaction is catalyzed in an organic solvent using a water soluble N-heterocyclic carbene homogeneous catalyst to form a reaction mixture. An aqueous phase in the reaction mixture. A solvent in which the catalyst is insoluble is added to the reaction mixture, causing the catalyst to migrate to the aqueous phase to form a catalyst-laden aqueous phase. The catalyst is extracted from the catalyst-laden aqueous phase.

A method for separating a homogeneous catalyst from a solution includes forming a host-guest compound between a first isomer of the catalyst and inclusion compound in the solution and isolating the host-guest compound from the solution. The catalyst may be released from the inclusion compound by converting the first isomer of the catalyst to a second isomer of the catalyst.

A method for separating a homogeneous catalyst from a solution includes forming a host-guest compound between a first isomer of the catalyst and inclusion compound in the solution and isolating the host-guest compound from the solution. The catalyst may be released from the inclusion compound by converting the first isomer of the catalyst to a second isomer of the catalyst.

The present invention provides processes for the preparation of Dasotraline (1), as well as intermediates useful in the preparation thereof. In particular, processes are provided for the production of the compound of Formula (2), or a salt thereof, and its deprotection to afford Dasotraline (1).

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This describes homogeneous catalysts that are recoverable from solution by being phase selective and through host-guest interactions. An example of a method includes separating a water soluble N-heterocyclic carbene homogeneous catalyst from a solution by: (a) forming a host-guest compound between the catalyst and an inclusion compound in the solution; and (b) isolating the host-guest compound from the solution.

This describes homogeneous catalysts that are recoverable from solution by being phase selective and through host-guest interactions. An example of a method includes separating a water soluble N-heterocyclic carbene homogeneous catalyst from a solution by: (a) forming a host-guest compound between the catalyst and an inclusion compound in the solution; and (b) isolating the host-guest compound from the solution.