In one aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of preparing a primary or secondary amine and hydroxylated aromatic compounds. In some embodiments, the aromatic compound may be unsubstituted, substituted, or contain one or more heteroatoms within the rings of the aromatic compound. The methods described herein may be carried out without the need for transition metal catalysts or harsh reaction conditions.

In one aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of preparing a primary or secondary amine and hydroxylated aromatic compounds. In some embodiments, the aromatic compound may be unsubstituted, substituted, or contain one or more heteroatoms within the rings of the aromatic compound. The methods described herein may be carried out without the need for transition metal catalysts or harsh reaction conditions.

An organic electroluminescent device of which emission life may be improved. The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, an emission layer, and an anode-side hole transport layer provided between the anode and the emission layer and including an anode-side hole transport material. An electron accepting material is doped in the anode-side hole transport layer. An intermediate hole transport material layer is provided between the anode-side hole transport layer and the emission layer and includes an intermediate hole transport material, and an emission layer-side hole transport layer is provided between the intermediate hole transport material layer and the emission layer and adjacent to the emission layer. The emission layer-side hole transport layer includes an emission layer-side hole transport material represented by the following Formula 1. ##STR00001##

An organic electroluminescent device of which emission life may be improved. The organic electroluminescent device includes an anode, an emission layer, and an anode-side hole transport layer provided between the anode and the emission layer and including an anode-side hole transport material. An electron accepting material is doped in the anode-side hole transport layer. An intermediate hole transport material layer is provided between the anode-side hole transport layer and the emission layer and includes an intermediate hole transport material, and an emission layer-side hole transport layer is provided between the intermediate hole transport material layer and the emission layer and adjacent to the emission layer. The emission layer-side hole transport layer includes an emission layer-side hole transport material represented by the following Formula 1. ##STR00001##

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer. The hole transport region includes a first compound represented by one of Formulae 1A, 1B, and 1C, and the electron transport region includes a second compound represented by one of Formulae 40A and 40B: ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer. The hole transport region includes a first compound represented by one of Formulae 1A, 1B, and 1C, and the electron transport region includes a second compound represented by one of Formulae 40A and 40B: ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

An organic EL device including an anode; an emission layer; an anode-side hole transport layer between the anode and the emission layer, the anode-side hole transport layer including an anode-side hole transport material and being doped with an electron accepting material; an intermediate hole transport layer between the anode-side hole transport layer and the emission layer, the intermediate hole transport layer including an intermediate hole transport material; and an emission layer-side hole transport layer between the intermediate hole transport layer and the emission layer, the emission layer-side hole transport layer being adjacent to the emission layer, wherein the emission layer-side hole transport layer includes an emission layer-side hole transport material represented by the following Formula 1: ##STR00001##

An organic EL device including an anode; an emission layer; an anode-side hole transport layer between the anode and the emission layer, the anode-side hole transport layer including an anode-side hole transport material and being doped with an electron accepting material; an intermediate hole transport layer between the anode-side hole transport layer and the emission layer, the intermediate hole transport layer including an intermediate hole transport material; and an emission layer-side hole transport layer between the intermediate hole transport layer and the emission layer, the emission layer-side hole transport layer being adjacent to the emission layer, wherein the emission layer-side hole transport layer includes an emission layer-side hole transport material represented by the following Formula 1: ##STR00001##

Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
that inhibit ALK, TRKA, TRKB, TRKC and ROS1. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and methods of using the compounds to treat disease.

A compound represented by the formula (I) (R.sup.1 represents hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represent an alkyl group or an aryl group; R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 represent hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom; R.sup.8 represent hydroxy group or a dialkoxyboranetriyl group; and X represents silicon atom, germanium atom, or tin atom), which is a novel fluorophore usable as a mother nucleus of an off/on type fluorescent probe not utilizing the intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer.