Nanowires useful as heterogeneous catalysts are provided. The nanowire catalysts are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Catalysts for producing a branched aliphatic alkene are described. The catalyst can include a catalytic alkali metal or alkali metal composite on a mixed metal oxide support that includes a Column 1 metal and at least one of a Column 3 metal, a Column 4 metal or a lanthanide. The catalyst can have less than 50 wt. % of a metal carbonate. Methods of producing branched aliphatic alkenes by contacting the catalyst of the present invention with an aliphatic alpha olefin are also described.

A catalyst composition, suitable for producing ethylene and other C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons from methane. The composition includes a blended product of two distinct catalyst components, blended at such synergistic proportions, that results in a catalyst having high C.sub.2+ hydrocarbon selectivity while maintaining an overall sufficient catalyst activity and low ethyne selectivity. Methods for preparing such a catalyst composition and a process for producing C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons using such a catalyst composition are provided.

According to one or more embodiments described herein, a method for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons may include passing a hydrocarbon feed comprising one or more alkanes or alkyl aromatics into a fluidized bed reactor, contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a dehydrogenation catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor to produce a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen, and contacting the hydrogen with an oxygen-rich oxygen carrier material in the fluidized bed reactor to combust the hydrogen and form an oxygen-diminished oxygen carrier material. In additional embodiments, a dual-purpose material may be utilized which has dehydrogenation catalyst and oxygen carrying functionality.

Processes for upgrading a hydrocarbon. The process can include (I) contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with a catalyst that can include a Group 8-10 element or a compound thereof disposed on a support to effect one or more of dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and dehydrocyclization of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce a coked catalyst and an effluent. The process can also include (II) contacting at least a portion of the coked catalyst with an oxidant to effect combustion of at least a portion of the coke to produce a regenerated catalyst. The process can also include (III) contacting an additional quantity of the hydrocarbon-containing feed with at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst. A cycle time from the contacting the hydrocarbon-containing feed with the catalyst in step (I) to the contacting the additional hydrocarbon-containing feed with the regenerated catalyst in step (III) can be ≤5 hours.

The disclosure relates to a single-atom-based catalyst system with total-length control of single-atom catalytic sites. The single-atom-based catalyst system comprises at least one catalyst structure comprising a first assembly of a plurality of single-atom-catalyst superparticles. The single-atom-catalyst superparticles comprise a second assembly of a plurality of single-atom-catalyst nanoparticles. The single-atom-based catalyst system has controlled porosity and spatial distribution of active single-atom catalysts from the atomic scale to the macroscopic scale. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A system for oxidative conversion of a mixed hydrocarbon feed stream to a product stream containing at least one olefin is provided. The system includes a plurality of reactors each capable of oxidatively dehydrogenating at least a portion of a hydrocarbon in the mixed hydrocarbon feed, and each reactor able to operate at different set of reaction conditions from other reactors in the plurality of reactors. All of the reactors use the same oxygen transfer agent to produce at least one olefin. In some embodiments, at least one reactor is optimized to oxidatively couple methane to produce ethylene, while other reactors are optimized to oxidatively dehydrogenate ethane to ethylene or to oxidatively dehydrogenate propane to ethylene and/or propylene. All of the reactors feed into a single regeneration unit for the oxygen transfer agent. A method of oxidatively converting the mixed hydrocarbon feed to an olefin is also provided.

A method and catalyst for forming higher carbon number products from carbon dioxide is provided. An exemplary catalyst includes red mud including iron and aluminum, and impregnated potassium.

Processes for upgrading a hydrocarbon. The process can include contacting a hydrocarbon-containing feed with fluidized catalyst particles that can include a Group 8-10 element or a compound thereof disposed on a support to effect one or more of dehydrogenation, dehydroaromatization, and dehydrocyclization of at least a portion of the hydrocarbon-containing feed to produce a coked catalyst and an effluent. The process can also include contacting at least a portion of the coked catalyst particles with an oxidant to effect combustion of at least a portion of the coke to produce regenerated catalyst particles. The process can also include contacting an additional quantity of the hydrocarbon-containing feed with at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst particles to produce additional effluent and re-coked catalyst particles.

A process for dehydrogenating alkane or alkylaromatic compounds comprising contacting the given compound and a dehydrogenation catalyst in a fluidized bed. The dehydrogenation catalyst is prepared from an at least partially deactivated platinum/gallium catalyst on an alumina-based support that is reconstituted by impregnating it with a platinum salt solution, then calcining it at a temperature from 400° C. to 1000° C., under conditions such that it has a platinum content ranging from 1 to 500 ppm, based on weight of catalyst; a gallium content ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 wt %; and a platinum to gallium ratio ranging from 1:20,000 to 1:4. It also has a Pt retention that is equal to or greater than that of a fresh catalyst being used in a same or similar catalytic process.