The present disclosure provides an ionic liquid compound of Formula (I) and its application in reactions such as alkylation, arylation, acylation, diels alder and oligomerization, ##STR00001## The present disclosure also provides a process for preparing the ionic liquid compound of Formula (I) which involves preparing an ionic salt complex represented by Formula [(NR.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3).sub.iM.sub.1].sup.n+[X.sub.j].sup.n by mixing an amine represented by Formula NR.sub.1R.sub.2R.sub.3 and a metal salt represented by formula M.sub.1X.sub.j; and mixing the ionic salt complex and a metal salt represented by formula M.sub.2Y.sub.k to obtain the ionic liquid compound.

The present invention discloses processes for alkylating an aromatic compound, such as benzene or toluene, using a chemically-treated solid oxide. Suitable chemically-treated solid oxides include fluorided silica-coated alumina and fluorided-chlorided silica-coated alumina.

A process for producing high octane alkylate is provided. The process involves reacting isobutane and ethylene using an ionic liquid catalyst. Reaction conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable alkylate yields and/or properties.

A continuous mixing reactor has an outer shell having a cylindrical portion with a central section and two opposite conical end sections; a circulation tube within the shell so that an annular passage forms between the shell and the circulation tube; an impeller within and positioned adjacent to one end of the circulation tube; and heat exchange means penetrating the outer shell and extending into the end of the circulation tube opposite the impeller. The outer shell has a hydraulic head forming one end of the shell, a heat exchange medium header at the opposite end of the shell. The circulation tube nearer the heat exchange medium header terminates at or downstream from a tangential plane extending through the shell at the intersection of the central section and the conical end section of the cylindrical portion of shell. The reactor is useful in an alkylation process.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a process which generally includes contacting i) a monomer or mixture of monomers, ii) a haloaluminate ionic liquid, and iii) one or more halide components in a reaction zone, and oligomerizing the monomer or mixture of monomers in the reaction zone to form an oligomer product. The combination of the haloaluminate ionic liquid and halide component can constitute a catalyst system which is used in embodiments of the process to produce the oligomer product.

A flexible process for gasoline refineries is described. The process can vary depending on the available feedstock and the desired products. At one time, the process can involve disproportionating pentanes to a product mixture including isobutane and isohexane. At other times, by switching the feedstock and operating conditions, the process can convert a mixture of C.sub.4 and C.sub.7 paraffins to a low aromatic blendstock with suitable octane and a vapor pressure lower than butanes. The process can be performed in separate stand-alone units operated at different times, or a single unit can be operated according to one process at one time and according to the other process at another time.

The present disclosure provides a process for regenerating the deactivated ionic compound. The process involves mixing a deactivated ionic compound with at least one solvent such as ethyl acetate and neutralizing with at least one base such as triethylamine and tert-butyl amine to obtain a precipitate. The obtained precipitate is filtered to obtain a residue which is then washed with a solvent such as dichloromethane to obtain the ionic compound.

A process for producing renewable distillate-range hydrocarbons is provided. The process includes dehydrating a renewable C2-C6 alcohol feedstock to produce an olefin, oligomerizing the olefin the presence of a halometallate ionic liquid catalyst to produce an oligomer product and hydrogenating the oligomer product or fractions thereof to produce saturated distillate-range hydrocarbons.

Systems and apparatus for ionic liquid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion, such as alkylation, using vaporization to remove reaction heat from an ionic liquid reactor and to provide mixing therein, wherein hydrocarbon vapors are withdrawn from the ionic liquid reactor and the withdrawn hydrocarbon vapor is recovered by a hydrocarbon vapor recovery unit in fluid communication with the ionic liquid reactor for recycling condensed hydrocarbons to the ionic liquid reactor. Processes for ionic liquid catalyzed alkylation are also disclosed.

A sulfur-contaminated ionic liquid catalyst is provided comprising 300 to 20,000 wppm of sulfur from a contaminant, wherein the catalyst is a chloroaluminate and it alkylates olefin and isoparaffin to make an alkylate gasoline blending component having a FBP below 221 C. A process is provided for making the alkylate gasoline blending component, comprising: a. feeding olefin feed comprising greater than 80 wppm of sulfur contaminant to a chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalyst, to make a sulfur-contaminated catalyst; and b. alkylating olefin feed with isoparaffin to make the alkylate gasoline blending component. A method to construct a refinery alkylation unit is provided comprising installing an ionic liquid alkylation reactor having an inlet that feeds a pure coker LPG olefin. An alkylation process exclusively utilizing coker LPG olefins is also provided.