Embodiments of the present invention report compositions, systems and methods for obtaining xylo-oligosaccharide-rich extracts from agricultural by-product streams. In certain embodiments, compositions and methods are directed to producing xylo-oligosaccharide-rich extracts with increased amounts and/or concentrations of degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 or greater (DP3+). In other embodiments, compositions and methods relate to the production of products containing high soluble fiber, for example, xylo-oligosaccharides of DP3 or greater, from oat hull by-products. In yet other embodiments, xylo-oligosaccharides-rich extracts derived from oat hulls can be further processed to generate useful liquids for example, liquids containing soluble solids and powdered sweeteners and other useful consumer products.

Embodiments of the present invention report compositions, systems and methods for obtaining xylo-oligosaccharide-rich extracts from agricultural by-product streams. In certain embodiments, compositions and methods are directed to producing xylo-oligosaccharide-rich extracts with increased amounts and/or concentrations of degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 or greater (DP3+). In other embodiments, compositions and methods relate to the production of products containing high soluble fiber, for example, xylo-oligosaccharides of DP3 or greater, from oat hull by-products. In yet other embodiments, xylo-oligosaccharides-rich extracts derived from oat hulls can be further processed to generate useful liquids for example, liquids containing soluble solids and powdered sweeteners and other useful consumer products.

Provided is a method for the purification of lacto-N-neotetraose from other carbohydrates, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of subjecting an aqueous solution containing lacto-N-neotetraose to two membrane filtration steps using different membranes or of subjecting an aqueous solution containing lacto-N-neotetraose to a membrane filtration step and a continuous chromatography.

Provided is a method for the purification of lacto-N-neotetraose from other carbohydrates, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of subjecting an aqueous solution containing lacto-N-neotetraose to two membrane filtration steps using different membranes or of subjecting an aqueous solution containing lacto-N-neotetraose to a membrane filtration step and a continuous chromatography.

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining crystalline 2′-fucosyllactose from a 2′-FL raw material, which contains 2′-FL as a main constituent and at least 0.5% by weight, frequently at least 1% by weight, in particular at least 2% by weight, more particularly at least 5% by weight, and especially at least 8% by weight,based on the total amount of mono-and oligosaccharides in the raw material, of one or more mono- or oligosaccharides different from 2′-FL, where the method comprises a)providing a solution of the 2′-FL raw material in water, which does not contain more than 10% by weight, preferably not more than 7% by weight, more preferably not more than 5% by weight of organic solvents, based on the total amount of water; b) effecting the crystallization of 2′-FL from the solution provided in step a) by inducing conditions of a controlled super saturation in the solution; and c) separating crystalline 2′-FL from the mother liquor, and where during controlled supersaturation in step b) not more than 10% by weight, preferably not more than 7% by weight, more preferably not more than 5% by weight of organic solvents are present, based on the total amount of water present during step b).

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining crystalline 2′-fucosyllactose from a 2′-FL raw material, which contains 2′-FL as a main constituent and at least 0.5% by weight, frequently at least 1% by weight, in particular at least 2% by weight, more particularly at least 5% by weight, and especially at least 8% by weight,based on the total amount of mono-and oligosaccharides in the raw material, of one or more mono- or oligosaccharides different from 2′-FL, where the method comprises a)providing a solution of the 2′-FL raw material in water, which does not contain more than 10% by weight, preferably not more than 7% by weight, more preferably not more than 5% by weight of organic solvents, based on the total amount of water; b) effecting the crystallization of 2′-FL from the solution provided in step a) by inducing conditions of a controlled super saturation in the solution; and c) separating crystalline 2′-FL from the mother liquor, and where during controlled supersaturation in step b) not more than 10% by weight, preferably not more than 7% by weight, more preferably not more than 5% by weight of organic solvents are present, based on the total amount of water present during step b).

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for purifying nucleic acid. In particular, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for purifying nucleic acids using metal or metal oxide compositions.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for purifying nucleic acid. In particular, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods for purifying nucleic acids using metal or metal oxide compositions.

A method for isolating biomolecules from a fixed biological specimen embedded in paraffin, comprises the steps of bringing the specimen into contact a) with a solvent non-miscible with water and dissolving the paraffin in this solvent such as to form a liquid organic phase, and b) with an aqueous solution of at least one lysis substance and/or with water and at least one lysis substance such as to form an aqueous phase;
isolation of the biomolecules from the aqueous phase. The invention further relates to a corresponding kit as well as to the use of such a kit for isolating biomolecules.

Provided are methods and columns employing a solid support comprising silica and silicon carbide for the isolation and purification of nucleic acids, and in particular, the isolation and purification of both high and low molecular weight RNA.