The objective of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing a long-chain peptide which method is suitable even for an industrial large scale production. The method for producing a long-chain peptide according to the present invention is characterized in comprising a step to deprotect an N-terminal site protected with BOC of a raw material peptide fragment with using a sulfonic acid compound, a step to selectively deprotect a C-terminal site protected with ONBn of a raw material peptide, and a step to condensate the obtained peptide fragment having the deprotected N-terminal site and the obtained peptide fragment having the deprotected C-terminal site in a liquid phase condition.

Provided are a method for producing a peptide compound including a step of using a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound represented by Formula (1); a protective group-forming reagent including the compound; and the compound. In Formula (1), a ring A represents a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring, Y.sup.A's each independently represent —CH.sub.2OH, —CH.sub.2NHR, —CH.sub.2SH, or —CH.sub.2X.sup.0, where R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aralkyl group, and X.sup.0 represents Cl, Br, or I, k represents an integer of 1 to 5, n represents 1 or 2, and R.sup.A's each independently represent an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an organic group having an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

##STR00001##

Methods for making an arylomycin ring of formula t ##STR00001##
or salts or solvates thereof, wherein R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.5, R.sup.10 and Pg.sup.1 are as defined herein.

Provided are a method for producing a peptide compound including a step of using a hydrazine derivative represented by Formula (1); a reagent for forming a protective group including the compound; and a hydrazine derivative. In Formula (1), a ring A represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an aromatic heterocyclic ring, R represents a hydrogen atom, an amino protective group, an amino acid residue, or a peptide residue, k represents an integer of 1 to 5, n represents 1 or 2, and R.sup.A's each independently represent an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an organic group having an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to the processes for preparing glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) receptor agonists and their analogs. The present invention further relates to processes for preparing liraglutide, D-liraglutide, semaglutide and D-semaglutide. The present invention specifically relates to processes for preparing glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) agonist and their analogs, wherein the liraglutide, D-liraglutide, semaglutide and D-semaglutide produced are substantially pure. The present invention also relates to preparation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) agonist and their analogs by solid and solution phase method.

Methods for preparing degarelix acetate are provided that include the steps of providing a suitable resin; deprotecting the resin with a diethylenetriamine solution; reacting sequentially the deprotected resin with different Fmoc protected amino acids; deprotecting the amino acid in each sequence with a diethylenetriamine solution in a stepwise fashion to yield a degarelix crude compound; and purifying the degarelix crude compound to yield pharmaceutically acceptable degarelix acetate. Methods of preparing degarelix acetate-mannitol premix and the resulting degarelix acetate-mannitol premix are also provided.

The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I. ##STR00001## wherein: Z.sub.4, Z.sub.7, Z.sub.9, Z.sub.11, Z.sub.22, Z.sub.23, Z.sub.26, Z.sub.30, Z.sub.34, Z.sub.35, p, m, n, q, and BRIDGE are defined in the specification. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for use thereof. The novel compounds are useful for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases and disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, among others.

The invention relates to a method for preparing peptides comprising the step of forming a peptide bond wherein the carboxyl group of a first amino acid or first peptide is activated and an amino group of the first activated amino acid or first peptide is protected by a protecting group having a water-solubility enhancing group and the activated carboxyl group of the first amino acid or first peptide is reacted with an amino group of a second amino acid or second peptide wherein said carboxyl group of the first amino acid or first peptide is activated in the absence of the second amino acid or second peptide. The invention further relates to peptides comprising a protecting group having a water-solubility enhancing group being bound to the amino group and an activated or free carboxyl group.

The present invention comprises conjugates comprising a monoclonal antibody conjugated to a cyclic PYY peptide. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for use thereof. The novel conjugates are useful for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases and disorders disclosed herein.

The present disclosure provides methods for purified Plecanatide by a two-step purification method, novel intermediates that may be used in the preparation of Plecanatide, and purified Plecanatide compositions.