Methods and kits for isolation of cell-derived vesicles and their associated macromolecules like nucleic acids, proteins, lipids metabolites etc. from one or more blood, serum, plasma, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, tear, conditioned culture media etc. to assist detection, prevention, and understanding of disease biology. The invention offers various advantages including simple technical solutions which are cost-effective, time-saving and scalable for large industrial outputs.

Described herein are isolated cell culture components such as, e.g., biologics and/or lipids, and methods for isolating cell culture components from a liquid cell culture medium. Methods of the present invention may include contacting a dehydration composition and a liquid cell culture medium comprising a target component to form a mixture; forming an at least partially dehydrated component in the mixture; and separating the at least partially dehydrated component from the mixture, thereby providing an isolated component. In some embodiments, the isolated component comprises the at least partially dehydrated component. In some embodiments, the isolated component is present in a composition (e.g., liquid phase) separated from the at least partially dehydrated component.

The present invention provides methods for extraction of amino acid-rich fractions from keratin-containing biological materials, and to amino acid-rich protein fractions generated by the methods described herein. The methods involve forming a reaction mixture with keratin containing material at a pH of 1.1 to 6.9. The reaction mixture is exposed to an energy source, such as microwaves, sufficient to degrade the keratin. The amino acid mixture which is subsequently extracted is substantially insoluble.

The present disclosure relates to a method/system for preparing encapsulated exosomes from a biological sample containing exosomes, said method comprising: a) dispersing inorganic oxide particles into a buffer solution comprising a polymer and a biological sample comprising exosomes, b) allowing the polymer to react with the inorganic oxide particles to form capsules, wherein the exosomes are inside the capsules. The present disclosure also relates to a method/system for isolating and purifying encapsulated exosomes, said method comprising: a) preparing an aqueous micellar system comprising at least one surfactant, and at least one salt; b) mixing a biological sample containing encapsulated exosomes with the aqueous micellar system from step a); c) allowing the aqueous micellar system to phase separate, wherein the surfactant partitions substantially into one phase, and the other phase has a lower concentration of surfactant; and d) obtaining the encapsulated exosomes from the capsule-rich phase.

A process for the extraction of collagen from collagen-containing matter, wherein the process comprises; incubating the collagen-containing matter in an acidic solution to form an incubant, then diafiltrating the incubant to substantially purify solubilised collagen within the incubant, thereby forming a retentate, then separating the soluble and insoluble matter of the retentate to remove the remaining insoluble matter, wherein the soluble matter is a substantially pure collagen solution.

Provided herein are methods for producing a mung bean protein isolate having high functionality for a broad range of food applications. In some embodiments, the methods for producing the isolate comprise one or more steps selected from: (a) extracting one or more mung bean proteins from a mung bean protein source in an aqueous solution, for example, at a pH between about 6.5-10.0; (b) purifying protein from the extract using at least one of two methods: (i) precipitating protein from the extract at a pH near the isoelectric point of a globulin-rich fraction, for example a pH between about 5.0-6.0; and/or (ii) fractionating and concentrating protein from the extract using filtration such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration or ion-exchange chromatography; and (c) recovering purified protein isolate.

A connecting polypeptide has SEQ ID NO:73. A proinsulin polypeptide includes a mature insulin A-chain, a mature insulin B-chain, and a connecting peptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 73 linking the mature A-chain and the mature B-chain, wherein the connecting peptide is not a native human proinsulin C-peptide. The proinsulin polypeptides according to the invention can be made in high titers and in high purity.

A method for preparing a modified cellulose aerogel for glycoprotein separation is provided. In this method, cellulose aerogel is employed as a substrate. The cellulose aerogel is known to have a three-dimensional network structure with extremely high porosity and specific surface area and extremely low density. So, by using the cellulose aerogel as a substrate, it is possible to provide the glycoproteins to be separated with more binding sites. PEI dendrimer has abundant functional groups and can easily be modified. By modifying the cellulose aerogel substrate with the PEI dendrimer, it is possible to improve the density of the phenylboronic acid bound to the substrate, thereby leading to higher affinity toward the glycoproteins to be separated.

The present invention relates to a system for generating intermolecular covalent bonds (e.g. amide, e.g. isopeptide bonds) between polypeptides. In particular, it provides the use of a chimeric protein to generate an anhydride group on a polypeptide for the formation of a covalent bond, wherein the chimeric protein comprises (i) a domain comprising the polypeptide and (ii) a domain comprising a self-processing module that contains an N-terminal dipeptide of aspartate or glutamate and proline (D/E-P), wherein (i) and (ii) are linked by a peptide bond between the aspartate or glutamate residue at the N-terminus of (ii) and the amino acid at the C-terminus of (i) and wherein the self-processing module cleaves the peptide bond between the proline residue and the aspartate or glutamate residue in the self-processing module to release the polypeptide and generate the anhydride group on the aspartate or glutamate residue.

The present invention relates to a method and/or device for improving the separation behaviors and performance of aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) for the isolation and/or concentration of one or more target analytes from a sample. In one embodiment, the present method and device comprise ATPS components within a porous material and one or more phase separation behavior modifying agents that improve the separation behavior and performance characteristics of ATPS, including but not limited to the increasing the stability or reducing fluctuations of ATPS thought the adjustment of total volume of a sample solution that undergoes phase separation, volume ratio of the two phases of the ATPS, fluid flow rates, and concentrations of ATPS components.