Provided are a human PD-1 antibody, an antigen-binding fragment thereof and a medical use thereof. A chimeric antibody containing a complementarity determining region (CDR) of the antibody, a pharmaceutical composition containing the human PD-1 antibody and the antigen-binding fragment thereof, and a use of the antibody in preparation of a drug for treating a disease or a disorder are further disclosed.

Provided are anti-TIGIT antibodies that bind to “T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT)”, including multispecific anti-TIGIT antibodies with binding specificity for TIGIT and one or more additional antigen, and methods of using the same. In certain embodiments, the anti-TIGIT antibodies comprises a single domain antibody that binds to TIGIT. In certain embodiments, the one or more additional antigen comprises Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1).

The present disclosure provides methods for predicting and thereby treating cancer or increasing the efficacy of an anti-cancer medication, in part by measuring checkpoint proteins on extracellular vesicles released from non-cancer cells. These checkpoint proteins promote cancer progression and/or compensate for the loss of signal from the checkpoint proteins being inhibited by the checkpoint inhibitory therapy. Compositions and methods of treatment are also provided.

Methods and systems to reduce neurotoxicity associated with the treatment of CD19.sup.+ B-cell hyperproliferative disorders are disclosed. Neurotoxicity is reduced by the use of agents that protect CD19.sup.+ neurovascular pericytes and/or CD19.sup.+ vSMCs from attack by CD19-targeted therapy, and by modification of CD19-targeted therapy to avoid CD19.sup.+ pericytes and/or CD19.sup.+ vSMCs.

A TCR-like antibody or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, the antibody binding to and having specific and improved affinity to an MHC-I molecule, particularly a CMV pp65 peptide complex (CMVP495-503/HLA-A*02:01) presented by HLA-A*02 are disclosed. A nucleic acid for coding the TCR-like antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof; an expression vector containing the nucleic acid; a cell transformed to the expression vector; a method for producing same; a composition containing a T cell for expressing the antibody or the antigen-binding fragment thereof as a chimeric antigen receptor; uses of the composition in preventing or treating cancer or an infectious disease; uses of the composition in diagnosis; methods for preventing and/or treating cancer or infectious diseases; and methods for diagnosing are disclosed.

Disclosed herein are fusion proteins having a first domain that activates an antigen-presenting cell (APC) (e.g., a dendritic cell) by binding to an activation receptor of the APC, and a second domain that activates an immune effector cell (e.g., a T cell) by targeting a co-stimulatory signaling pathway of the immune effector cell, as well as polynucleotides that encode such fusion proteins. Disclosed herein are also genetically engineered immune effector cells expressing such fusion protein, methods of their production, and their uses in treatment of diseases such as cancers.

A multispecific nanobodies chimeric antigen receptor and T-cell engager includes an HLA-G nanobody chimeric antigen receptor and a bispecific T-cell engager. The HLA-G nanobody chimeric antigen receptor includes an HLA-G nanobodies unit, a transmembrane domain, and a CD3z signaling domain. The bispecific T-cell engager includes a PD-L1 nanobodies unit and a CD3e nanobody.

The present disclosure provides methods of treating a subject having skin cancer or preventing a subject from developing skin cancer, and methods of identifying subjects having an increased risk of developing skin cancer.

The disclosure provides antigen binding domains that bind cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) protein, comprising the antigen binding domains that bind CD3ε, polynucleotides encoding them, vectors, host cells, methods of making and using them.

Disclosed herein are polynucleic acid molecules, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods for treating Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.