The present invention provides polyurethanes including a reaction product of components including: (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components including: (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate; and (ii) about 0.1 to about 0.5 equivalents of at least one diol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms; and (b) about 0.05 to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one branched polyol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups; and (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from branched polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein the reaction product components are essentially free of polyester polyol and polyether polyol; compositions, coatings and articles made therefrom and methods of making the same.

The present invention provides polyurethanes including a reaction product of components including: (a) an isocyanate functional urethane prepolymer comprising a reaction product of components including: (i) about 1 equivalent of at least one polyisocyanate; and (ii) about 0.1 to about 0.5 equivalents of at least one diol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms; and (b) about 0.05 to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one branched polyol having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups; and (c) up to about 0.9 equivalents of at least one polyol different from branched polyol (b) and having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein the reaction product components are essentially free of polyester polyol and polyether polyol; compositions, coatings and articles made therefrom and methods of making the same.

The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a 4-hydroxybutyrate pathway and being capable of producing 4-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the microbial organism comprises one or more genetic modifications. The invention additionally provides methods of producing 4-hydroxybutyrate or related products using the microbial organisms.

Disclosed herein are a recoatable coating composition suitable for use in in-mold coating processes, methods of coating substrates with such compositions, and coated substrates obtained by said method.

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a blocking agent for blocking an isocyanate group to thereby prepare an isocyanate compound which has excellent water resistance and is react with another polymerizable compound to be cured at a relatively low temperature; and another purpose is to provide a blocked isocyanate having an isocyanate group blocked with the blocking agent. The present invention provides a blocking agent for blocking an isocyanate group, wherein the blocking agent is an organic silicon alcohol having an organic group bonded to a silicon atom and said organic group is capable of forming a β-silyl cation together with the silicon atom. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a blocking agent which is an organic silicon alcohol represented by the general formula (1). In the formula (1), R.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and may have a substituent, provided that the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of the carbon atoms of the alkylene group, R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Z is an organic group capable of forming a β-silyl cation together with the silicon atom to which Z bonds, and n is an integer of 1 to 3. The present invention further provides a blocked isocyanate having a structure in which the isocyanate group is blocked with the aforesaid blocking agent and a thermosetting composition comprising the blocked isocyanate.

Aqueous hydrophobic polyurethane dispersions are made from urethane prepolymers derived from reacting constituents including at least one polyisocyanate, vegetable oil based saturated monoglycerides, non-isocyanate based urethane polyols prepared from polyamines and cyclic carbonates, at least one long-chain polymeric polyol or long-chain polyol from biorenewable resources, polyols with hydrophilic groups, optional polydimethysiloxane based polyols with hydroxyl functional groups terminated in one end and alkyl groups terminated in another end.

A blocked polyisocyanate composition containing a blocked polyisocyanate obtained from a polyisocyanate and at least one blocking agent, wherein the blocking agent contains a compound represented by general formula (I) shown below, and the amount of methane tetracarbonyl structures represented by general formula (II) shown below, relative to the total molar amount within the blocked polyisocyanate of bonded structures in which the compound represented by general formula (I) is bonded to the polyisocyanate, is at least 0.5 mol % but not more than 10 mol %.

Medical articles formed from a polyurethane-based resin including a modifying oligomer provide enhanced properties. A modifying oligomer incorporated into a backbone, as a side chain, or both of the polyurethane-based resin formed by a diisocyanate, a polyglycol, and a diol chain extender has at least one, preferably two, alcohol moieties (C—OH) and a functional moiety. Exemplary modifying oligomers are: a diol-containing perfluoropolyether incorporated into the backbone, a monofunctional polysiloxane (e.g., monodialcohol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane) incorporated as the side chain, and combinations thereof. Medical articles herein are self-lubricating and/or anti-fouling.

The present invention provides a coating composition which is capable of forming a coating film that has excellent adhesion to a base material. The coating composition contains: an isocyanate-reactive group-containing resin (A); a polyisocyanate compound (B); and a hydroxyl group-containing aromatic compound (C) having a number average molecular mass of 100-1,000. The isocyanate-reactive group-containing resin (A) in the coating composition contains at least one type of resin selected from a hydroxyl group-containing resin (A1) and an amino group-containing resin (A2).

There is provided herein a silylated organo-modified compound which comprises: at least one moiety having the formula (A):

##STR00001##

wherein the subscript a is 1 or 2, each D is independently NH or O, each of X, Y and Z are independently an unsubstituted or substituted C or N, the dashed lines between X, Y, and Z indicate an optional double bond between either X and Y or Y and Z, with the proviso that when any of X, Y, or Z is a substituted N atom, such substituted N atom does not participate in a double bond, and each Q is independently O or S; and, at least two moieties having the formula (B):

##STR00002##