The additive for high-purity copper electrolytic refining of the present invention is an additive which is added to a copper electrolyte in electrolytic refining for high-purity copper and is formed of a non-ionic surfactant that includes a hydrophobic group containing an aromatic ring and a hydrophilic group containing a polyoxyalkylene group.

A compound having the formula:

##STR00001## wherein n, y, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are defined herein, and others, methods of making of and using, and compositions made thereby which have an antimicrobial resistance effect are described.

A resin composition includes 100 parts by weight of a vinyl group-containing polyphenylene ether resin, 5 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight of a maleimide resin, 5 parts by weight to 40 parts by weight of an active ester and 5 parts by weight to 40 parts by weight of a phosphate ester, wherein the resin composition does not include an epoxy resin. Moreover, also provided is an article made from the resin composition, including a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, and the various properties can be improved including dissipation factor, dissipation factor after thermal aging, dissipation factor variation rate after thermal aging, copper foil peeling strength and alkali resistance.

This disclosure relates to new injectable hydrogel materials that consist of water gellants comprising linear hydrophilic polymers that comprise hydrogen bonding units in the backbone combined with cross-linkable end groups, resulting in dynamic yet firm hydrogel materials that are easily processable, are highly elastic, show adhesive properties and are self-healing and are especially suitable for biomedical applications.

A physiologically active substance-conjugated block copolymer having enhanced efficacy and/or safety is provided by enhancing the property of penetrating into a target diseased tissue and/or enhancing excretability, compared to known physiologically active substance-conjugated block copolymer, and suppressing sensitization of the physiologically active substance to normal tissues other than a target diseased tissue. Disclosed is a block copolymer including a polyethylene glycol segment connected with a polyamino acid derivative segment conjugated with a physiologically active substance, in which the molecular weight of the block copolymer is from 2 kilodaltons to 15 kilodaltons, and the light scattering intensity of a 1 mg/mL aqueous solution of the physiologically active substance-conjugated block copolymer as measured with a laser light scattering photometer is at least twice or more the light scattering intensity of toluene.

A resin composition is provided. The resin composition includes a resin mixture, a flame retardant, a spherical silica and a siloxane coupling agent. The resin mixture includes a first resin polymerized by a monomer mixture including styrene, divinylbenzene and ethylene, a second resin including a polyphenylene ether resin modified by bismaleimide, and a SBS resin. The resin composition of the present disclosure can have a high glass transition temperature, a low dielectric constant and a low dissipation factor.

The present invention provides a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of pseudopolyrotaxane that enables the production, by an industrially advantageous method for an aqueous dispersion of pseudopolyrotaxane in which the inclusion amount of a cyclodextrin does not increase with time and which can provide a crosslinked polyrotaxane having sufficient stretchability and breaking strength. The present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of pseudopolyrotaxane containing pseudopolyrotaxane particles in which a polyethylene glycol is included in a cavity of a cyclodextrin molecule in a skewered manner, the method including: an inclusion step of mixing a polyethylene glycol and a cyclodextrin in an aqueous medium to include the polyethylene glycol in a cavity of a cyclodextrin molecule, wherein in the inclusion step, a basic compound is added.

A process for preparing polyethers based on cis-2,3-epoxybutane and trans-2,3-epoxybutane, involves reacting at least one starter compound (A) in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst (B), with 2,3-epoxybutane (C) and optionally further epoxy monomers (D), to afford at least one polyether (E). The process also optionally involves reacting the at least one polyether (E) with at least one end-capping reagent (F), to afford at least one end-capped polyether (G).

The invention relates to (among other things) oligomer-foscarnet conjugates and related compounds. A conjugate of the invention, when administered by any of a number of administration routes, exhibits advantages over previously administered un-conjugated foscarnet compounds.

This disclosure provides improved lipid-based compositions, including lipid nanoparticle compositions, and methods of use thereof for delivering agents in vivo including nucleic acids and proteins. These compositions are not subject to accelerated blood clearance and they have an improved toxicity profile in vivo.