Adhesion of conducting polymers on diverse insulating and conductive substrates via a hydrophilic adhesion layer, where one or more functional groups may be disposed between the substrate and the hydrophilic adhesion layer. Adhesion of the conducting polymers on the substrates is such that adhesion is maintained or substantially maintained in wet physiological environments.

A simple, highly versatile method for fixing smooth materials that utilizes a water pasting method can be provided by interposing an ionic liquid between smooth materials such as glass or resin not impregnated with an ionic liquid and fixing these smooth materials.

Embodiments of electrophoresis systems, devices, and associated methods of analysis are described herein. In one embodiment, an electrophoresis device includes a first electrode having a first polarity, a second electrode having a second polarity, and a substrate. The substrate includes a first channel having a first section with a first cross-sectional area and a second section with a second cross-sectional area. The first end is electrically coupled to the first electrode, and the second end is electrically coupled to the second electrode. The first cross-sectional area is greater than the second cross-sectional area in a first dimension and in a second dimension generally orthogonal to the first dimension.

A method for welding aramid fibers, wherein a) at least one area of an aramid fiber is treated with an ionic liquid so that the aramid is partially dissolved, b) the aramid fiber is contacted via the dissolved area with another aramid fiber area with pressure being applied to the contact area, and subsequently c) the partially dissolved area of the aramid is re-coagulated.

The intense purple dye normally found in purple primers for use in the adhesive bonding of plastics is replaced with a leuco dye capable developing a visually intense color when activated through contact with the particular plastic being bonded or a complementary solvent cement.

A composition includes particular amounts of a first solvent selected from benzaldehyde, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydropy-ran, 4-picoline, ethyl benzoate, methyl benzoate, or a combination thereof; a second solvent selected from cyclic ketones, aliphatic ketones, methyl acetate, dimethyl carbonate, tert-butyl acetate, propylene carbonate, PCBTF, ethyl acetate, 1,2-butylene oxide, anisole, dimethyl acetamide (DMA), pyridine, dimethyl maleate, dimethyl sulfide, triethyl phosphate, pyrrolidine, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 2-pyrrolidinone, thioacetic acid, N, N diethyl formamide, n-methyl pyrrole, 2-methyl pyrazine, ethyl iodide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or a combination thereof. The solvent composition can be particularly useful in adhesive formulations such as solvent cements.

To provide a novel polarizing plate that suppresses poor appearance caused by thermal shrinkage of a polarizing film and is excellent in durability. There is provided a polarizing plate including: a polarizing film composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin; and a translucent support substrate laminated on at least one surface of the polarizing film through a bonding layer, in which the bonding layer is composed of a molecular bonding agent that bonds the polarizing film and the support substrate by a chemical bond.