Disclosed methods include formulating azobenzene-based polymer networks to induce a modulus change in a highly crosslinked polymer, in vivo, with no external heat requirement and using a benign light as the source of stimuli. A modulus change can be achieved via a coating on the substrate and within the bulk of the substrate via photoexposure. The azobenzene-based polymer network can be formed as a coating or in the bulk of a material from either a glassy composition comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) or a soft material comprising of long-chain difunctional acrylates. The disclosed technology also includes methods of biofilm disruption and removal from the surface of a substrate, and includes methods of inhibiting biofilm growth and cell attachment to a substrate.

Disclosed methods include formulating azobenzene-based polymer networks to induce a modulus change in a highly crosslinked polymer, in vivo, with no external heat requirement and using a benign light as the source of stimuli. A modulus change can be achieved via a coating on the substrate and within the bulk of the substrate via photoexposure. The azobenzene-based polymer network can be formed as a coating or in the bulk of a material from either a glassy composition comprising methyl methacrylate (MMA), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) or a soft material comprising of long-chain difunctional acrylates. The disclosed technology also includes methods of biofilm disruption and removal from the surface of a substrate, and includes methods of inhibiting biofilm growth and cell attachment to a substrate.

Provided are a window cover film, a method of manufacturing the same, and a flexible display panel including the same. A window cover film has an excellent interlayer binding force between each layer to have significantly improved wear resistance, scratch resistance, fingerprint wipeability, and the like, while also having excellent surface properties such as a sense of touch and slip properties, a method of manufacturing the same, and a flexible display panel including the same are provided.

The present invention is intended to provide a laminated optical film achieving both a high proportion of void space (porosity) and superior abrasion resistance. The laminated optical film of the present invention includes: a void-provided layer; a resin film; and a cover layer, wherein the void-provided layer is formed on the resin film, the cover layer is formed directly on the void-provided layer, and the void-provided layer has a contact angle with water of 90° or more and a proportion of void space of 30 vol % or more.

The present invention is intended to provide a laminated optical film achieving both a high proportion of void space (porosity) and superior abrasion resistance. The laminated optical film of the present invention includes: a void-provided layer; a resin film; and a cover layer, wherein the void-provided layer is formed on the resin film, the cover layer is formed directly on the void-provided layer, and the void-provided layer has a contact angle with water of 90° or more and a proportion of void space of 30 vol % or more.

A gas barrier film that includes at least a film base material including a polyester resin having a butylene terephthalate unit as a main constituent unit, and one or more metal oxide layers wherein the gas barrier film has a heat shrinkage rate in the machine direction (MD direction) after heating for 30 minutes at 150° C. of 0.6% or more but less than 3.0%, the heat shrinkage rate being represented by the following formula: Heat shrinkage rate={(Length before heating−Length after heating)/Length before heating}×100(%).

A gas barrier film that includes at least a film base material including a polyester resin having a butylene terephthalate unit as a main constituent unit, and one or more metal oxide layers wherein the gas barrier film has a heat shrinkage rate in the machine direction (MD direction) after heating for 30 minutes at 150° C. of 0.6% or more but less than 3.0%, the heat shrinkage rate being represented by the following formula: Heat shrinkage rate={(Length before heating−Length after heating)/Length before heating}×100(%).

A film including: an organic polymeric substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface; an optional acrylic hardcoat layer disposed on the first major surface of the substrate; a siliceous primer layer disposed on the organic polymeric substrate or on the optional acrylic hardcoat layer, wherein the siliceous primer layer includes composite particles including an organic polymer portion and a siliceous portion; and a superhydrophilic surface layer disposed on the siliceous primer layer, wherein the superhydrophilic surface layer includes hydrophilic-functional groups.

A film including: an organic polymeric substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface; an optional acrylic hardcoat layer disposed on the first major surface of the substrate; a siliceous primer layer disposed on the organic polymeric substrate or on the optional acrylic hardcoat layer, wherein the siliceous primer layer includes composite particles including an organic polymer portion and a siliceous portion; and a superhydrophilic surface layer disposed on the siliceous primer layer, wherein the superhydrophilic surface layer includes hydrophilic-functional groups.

A hardcoat film includes a substrate; a hardcoat layer; and an anti-scratch layer, where the hardcoat layer includes a cured product of polyorganosilsesquioxane, the polyorganosilsesquioxane has a siloxane constitutional unit containing a (meth)acryloyl group and a siloxane constitutional unit containing an epoxy group and is represented by the General Formula (1), a film thickness of the anti-scratch layer is 0.05 to 5 μm, and the anti-scratch layer includes a cured product of a compound having two or more (meth)acryloyl groups in one molecule, where Ra represents a group containing a (meth)acryloyl group; Rb represents a group containing an epoxy group; Rc represents a monovalent substituent; p, q, and r represent a proportion of Ra, Rb, and Rc in the General Formula (1) respectively; p+q+r is 100; p and q are greater than 0; r is equal to or greater than 0; p/q is 0.01 to 99.