This disclosure provides a rubber composition that can realize excellent low heat generating properties without deteriorating other performance. The rubber composition contains a rubber component and a filler, where the rubber component contains a conjugated diene-based polymer modified with a modifier containing a compound represented by the formula (1).

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a hydrous silica for rubber reinforcing fillers having CTAB specific surface area in the range of 220 to 350 m.sup.2/g and a pore volume over the range of pore radius 1.9 to 100 nm measured by mercury press-in method in the range of 1.7 to 2.0 cm.sup.3/g, wherein a volume average particle diameter D50 in a volume particle size distribution measured by laser diffraction method for the slurry obtained by dispersing 50 ml of a hydrous silica slurry adjusted to 4 mass % with an ultrasonic homogenizer at an output of 140 W for 10 minutes is in the range of 5.0 to 12.0 μm, and a cumulative value of hydrous silica particles over the range of 4.0 to 35.0 μm in the volume particle size distribution is 80% or more. The present invention also relates to a rubber composition containing the above-mentioned hydrous silica and a rubber component containing a natural rubber. The present invention provides a hydrous silica which has equivalent or excellent reinforcing property (abrasion resistance, tensile strength) and which allows to greatly reduce the rolling resistance when it is blended into a rubber based on the natural rubber for TBRs, which is often used under a heavy load, compared with conventional hydrous silicas, and provides the rubber composition containing the hydrous silica.

The present invention relates to a hydrous silica for rubber reinforcing fillers having CTAB specific surface area in the range of 220 to 350 m.sup.2/g and a pore volume over the range of pore radius 1.9 to 100 nm measured by mercury press-in method in the range of 1.7 to 2.0 cm.sup.3/g, wherein a volume average particle diameter D50 in a volume particle size distribution measured by laser diffraction method for the slurry obtained by dispersing 50 ml of a hydrous silica slurry adjusted to 4 mass % with an ultrasonic homogenizer at an output of 140 W for 10 minutes is in the range of 5.0 to 12.0 μm, and a cumulative value of hydrous silica particles over the range of 4.0 to 35.0 μm in the volume particle size distribution is 80% or more. The present invention also relates to a rubber composition containing the above-mentioned hydrous silica and a rubber component containing a natural rubber. The present invention provides a hydrous silica which has equivalent or excellent reinforcing property (abrasion resistance, tensile strength) and which allows to greatly reduce the rolling resistance when it is blended into a rubber based on the natural rubber for TBRs, which is often used under a heavy load, compared with conventional hydrous silicas, and provides the rubber composition containing the hydrous silica.

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a rubber composition comprising 70 phr to 90 phr of styrene butadiene rubber, wherein said styrene butadiene rubber comprises a first styrene butadiene rubber having a glass transition temperature within a range of −49° C. to −15° C. and a second styrene butadiene rubber having a glass transition temperature within a range of −50° C. to −89° C. Furthermore, the rubber composition comprises from 10 phr to 30 phr of one or more of natural rubber and synthetic polyisoprene rubber, 100 phr to 200 phr of silica, and at least 25 phr of at least one terpene resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at most 1000 g/mol. Moreover, the invention is directed to a tire comprising such a rubber composition, in particular in the tread of the tire.

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a rubber composition comprising 70 phr to 90 phr of styrene butadiene rubber, wherein said styrene butadiene rubber comprises a first styrene butadiene rubber having a glass transition temperature within a range of −49° C. to −15° C. and a second styrene butadiene rubber having a glass transition temperature within a range of −50° C. to −89° C. Furthermore, the rubber composition comprises from 10 phr to 30 phr of one or more of natural rubber and synthetic polyisoprene rubber, 100 phr to 200 phr of silica, and at least 25 phr of at least one terpene resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of at most 1000 g/mol. Moreover, the invention is directed to a tire comprising such a rubber composition, in particular in the tread of the tire.

The present disclosure provides a tire which makes it possible to reduce the increase in hardness and the decrease in wet grip performance from before to after heat aging. The present disclosure relates to a tire including a tread, the tread including an elastomer composition containing a styrene elastomer and urethane particles, the tread satisfying the following relationship (1): (M100a−M100f)/M100f×100≤38 wherein M100f represents the stress at 100% elongation (23° C.) before heat aging, and M100a represents the stress at 100% elongation (23° C.) after heat aging.

The present disclosure provides a tire which makes it possible to reduce the increase in hardness and the decrease in wet grip performance from before to after heat aging. The present disclosure relates to a tire including a tread, the tread including an elastomer composition containing a styrene elastomer and urethane particles, the tread satisfying the following relationship (1): (M100a−M100f)/M100f×100≤38 wherein M100f represents the stress at 100% elongation (23° C.) before heat aging, and M100a represents the stress at 100% elongation (23° C.) after heat aging.

It is an object to provide a tire having well-improved fuel efficiency, wet grip performance, abrasion resistance, and wet grip performance at a later stage of abrasion. Provided is a tire comprising a tread part of a rubber composition comprising a rubber component comprising an isoprene-based rubber and a styrene-butadiene rubber, wherein a vinyl content of the styrene-butadiene rubber is greater than 26 mol %, wherein a given ratio A of an ash content of the rubber composition is greater than 25 mol %, wherein the tread part comprises two or more circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, and land parts partitioned by the circumferential main grooves, wherein at least one land part of the land parts comprises at least one given flask-like circumferential groove extending in the tire circumferential direction.

It is an object to provide a tire having well-improved fuel efficiency, wet grip performance, abrasion resistance, and wet grip performance at a later stage of abrasion. Provided is a tire comprising a tread part of a rubber composition comprising a rubber component comprising an isoprene-based rubber and a styrene-butadiene rubber, wherein a vinyl content of the styrene-butadiene rubber is greater than 26 mol %, wherein a given ratio A of an ash content of the rubber composition is greater than 25 mol %, wherein the tread part comprises two or more circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, and land parts partitioned by the circumferential main grooves, wherein at least one land part of the land parts comprises at least one given flask-like circumferential groove extending in the tire circumferential direction.

The present disclosure provides a composite coating and a method for fabricating the composite coating. The composite coating comprises a polymer layer, a metal interlayer and an amorphous metal coating. The polymer layer is formed on a substrate and acts as a diffusion barrier layer, which is thick and dense enough to prevent the corrosive substances from penetrating into the substrate. The metal interlayer is formed between the polymer layer and the amorphous metal coating for improving the adhesion of the amorphous metal coating to the substrate.