A curable resin composition comprising: (a) 27 to 60 wt % of a liquid siloxane oligomer comprising polymerized units of formula R.sup.1.sub.mR.sup.2.sub.nSi(OR.sup.3).sub.4-m-n, wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aliphatic group comprising an oxirane ring fused to an alicyclic ring, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.30 aryl group, or a C.sub.5-C.sub.20 aliphatic group having one or more heteroatoms, R.sup.3 is a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 acyl group, m is 0.1 to 2.0 and n is 0 to 2.0; (b) 35 to 66 wt % non-porous nanoparticles of silica, a metal oxide, or a mixture thereof, having an average particle diameter from 5 to 50 nm; and (c) 0.5 to 7 wt % of a cationic photoinitiator.

Polymer compositions containing a suitable polymer and a triazine metal phosphate compound are disclosed, and the triazine metal phosphate compound can have a d50 particle size from 0.1 to 45 μm and a BET surface area from 0.5 to 30 m.sup.2/g. The polymer compositions have improved moisture resistance and improved wet insulating properties as compared to polymer compositions that contain polymerized versions of the triazine metal phosphate compound. The polymer compositions can be utilized in a variety of end-uses, such as wire and cable applications.

A rubber composition according to an embodiment contains a diene rubber and silica. A change rate of a distance between aggregates represented by V50/V0 calculated by an inertia radius V50 of a silica aggregate and an inertia radius V0 of the silica aggregate is 1.30 or more. The inertia radius V50 is obtained by performing a small-angle X-ray scattering measurement in a state where a vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition is elongated by 50%, and the inertia radius V0 is obtained by performing a small-angle X-ray scattering measurement in a state where the vulcanized rubber is not elongated.

A rubber composition according to an embodiment contains a diene rubber and silica. A value Dm/Rg obtained by dividing a mass fractal dimension Dm of a silica aggregate by an inertia radius Rg of the silica aggregate is 0.20 nm.sup.−1 or more, the inertia radius Rg being obtained by irradiating a vulcanized rubber obtained by vulcanizing the rubber composition with X-rays to perform a small-angle X-ray scattering measurement, and the mass fractal dimension Dm being obtained by irradiating the vulcanized rubber with X-rays to perform an ultra-small angle X-ray scattering measurement.

A composition containing 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octylisothiazolin-3-one, an activated carbon having a surface area of at least 700 m.sup.2/g and a cured isocyanate.

By using CNF excellent in dispersibility, conductivity, and crystallinity, a conductive polymer material having high conductivity even with a low CNF content and a shaped article thereof and a conductive polymer material with a less CNF content for same conductivity and a shaped article thereof are provided. A conductive polymer material with high conductivity is produced by using carbon nanofiber with a median diameter D50 value from 0.1 to 8 μm, powder resistivity of 0.03 Ωcm or less measured under a load of 9.8 MPa, and D/G from 0.5 to 1.3.

A bladder for tire vulcanizing containing a crosslinked fluoroelastomer obtained by peroxide-crosslinking a fluoroelastomer composition including a peroxide-crosslinkable fluoroelastomer (A), a carbon black (B), and a peroxide cross-linking agent (C), wherein the crosslinked fluoroelastomer has a hardness at 25° C. of 60 to 90, a number of foreign particles selected from the group consisting of lumps of carbon and carbon grit having an aspect ratio of 1.1 or less and a Heywood diameter of 5 μm or more present on a fracture surface obtained by tensile fracture of the crosslinked fluoroelastomer at 170° C. is 10/mm.sup.2 or less, and the fluoroelastomer (A) includes a vinylidene fluoride (VdF) fluoroelastomer.

The present invention provides rubber compositions suitable for tyre manufacture comprising a functionalised polymer and a functionalised silica.

Provided is a pneumatic radial tire for a passenger car that exhibits both riding comfort at low temperatures and stealing stability at high-speed running. The present invention is a pneumatic radial tire for a passenger car, in which: a carcass and a tread are provided; the tread is integrated into a standardized rim; when internal pressure is at a standardized internal pressure, the tire has a cross-sectional width Wt (mm) and an outer diameter Dt (mm) satisfying 1963.4≤(Dt.sup.2π/4)/Wt≤2827.4; the tread comprises at least one main groove in a running surface of the tread, extending in the circumferential direction of the tread; the land/sea ratio at the tread running surface is greater than 55% and less than 85%; and a rubber composition that forms the tread has a loss tangent (tan δ) which, when measured at a frequency of 10 Hz, an initial strain of 2%, and a dynamic strain rate of 1%, is such that |20° C. tan δ-50° C. tan δ| is at least 0.01 and less than 0.15, and 15° C. tan δ-20° C. tan δ| is greater than 0.15 and less than 0.70.

The alumina powder contains: a first alumina particle having an average particle diameter of 0.1 .Math.m or more and less than 1 .Math.m; a second alumina particle having an average particle diameter of 1 .Math.m or more and less than 10 .Math.m; and a third alumina particle having an average particle diameter of 10 .Math.m or more and 100 .Math.m or less, wherein each of the average particle diameters is a particle diameter measured using laser light diffraction scattering particle size distribution analyzer, average sphericity of first alumina particle having projected area equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 .Math.m or more and 1 .Math.m or less as determined by microscopy is 0.80 or more and 0.98 or less, a specific surface area of first alumina particle is 1.9 m.sup.2/g or more and 20.0 m.sup.2/g or less, and content ratio of an α crystal phase is 80% by mass or more.