The present invention provides boron nitride particles that can be used for preparation of a thermally conductive material having excellent thermally conductive properties and peel strength. In addition, the present invention provides a composition for forming a thermally conductive material, a thermally conductive material, a thermally conductive sheet, and a device with a thermally conductive layer, in relation to the boron nitride particles. In the boron nitride particles of the present invention, an atomic concentration ratio of oxygen atomic concentration to boron atomic concentration on a surface, detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is 0.12 or greater, and a D value obtained by Equation (1) is 0.010 or less.

D value=B(OH).sub.3(002)/BN(002)  Equation (1) B(OH).sub.3(002): Peak strength derived from a (002) plane of boron hydroxide having a triclinic space group measured by X-ray diffraction BN(002): Peak strength derived from the (002) plane of boron nitride having a hexagonal space group measured by X-ray diffraction.

The present invention provides boron nitride particles that can be used for preparation of a thermally conductive material having excellent thermally conductive properties and peel strength. In addition, the present invention provides a composition for forming a thermally conductive material, a thermally conductive material, a thermally conductive sheet, and a device with a thermally conductive layer, in relation to the boron nitride particles. In the boron nitride particles of the present invention, an atomic concentration ratio of oxygen atomic concentration to boron atomic concentration on a surface, detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, is 0.12 or greater, and a D value obtained by Equation (1) is 0.010 or less.

D value=B(OH).sub.3(002)/BN(002)  Equation (1) B(OH).sub.3(002): Peak strength derived from a (002) plane of boron hydroxide having a triclinic space group measured by X-ray diffraction BN(002): Peak strength derived from the (002) plane of boron nitride having a hexagonal space group measured by X-ray diffraction.

Provided is a rubber composition for base tread which can provide excellent steering stability and rolling resistance and improve pass-by noise properties when applied to a tire. The present disclosure discloses a rubber composition for base tread to be used for base tread of a tread portion of a tire, where a ratio of storage modulus at 0° C. (0° C. E′) to storage modulus at 30° C. (30° C. E′) (0° C. E′/30° C. E′) is in a range of 1.3 to 2.0.

Provided is a phenolic resin foam laminate board in which a flexible surface material is arranged on at least upper and lower surfaces of a phenolic resin foam. The phenolic resin foam contains HCFO-1224yd(Z), has a density of not less than 20 kg/m.sup.3 and not more than 55 kg/m.sup.3, a closed cell ratio of 80% or more, an average cell diameter of not less than 60 μm and not more than 200 μm, a percentage of an area seeping out from the surface material is 30% or less, and content of HCFO-1224yd(Z) per space volume of 22.4×10.sup.−3 m.sup.3 in the phenolic resin foam is not less than 0.06 mol and not more than 0.35 mol.

An ablative composite material including a matrix and a reinforcement, characterised in that: the matrix is a phenolic resin or an epoxy resin and the reinforcement is formed of short carbon fibres with a length of between 0.5 mm and 20 mm, and a diameter of between 6 μm and 20 μm.

An ablative composite material including a matrix and a reinforcement, characterised in that: the matrix is a phenolic resin or an epoxy resin and the reinforcement is formed of short carbon fibres with a length of between 0.5 mm and 20 mm, and a diameter of between 6 μm and 20 μm.

Rubber compositions comprising at least one diene based polymer, a precipitated silica, a coupling agent package comprising a mercapto-functional alkylalkoxysilane and a blocked mercapto-functional alkylalkoxysilane, a deblocking agent, a vulcanizing package comprising at least one vulcanizing agent comprising sulfur and at least one accelerator, and a scorch modifier are provided herein.

Rubber compositions comprising at least one diene based polymer, a precipitated silica, a coupling agent package comprising a mercapto-functional alkylalkoxysilane and a blocked mercapto-functional alkylalkoxysilane, a deblocking agent, a vulcanizing package comprising at least one vulcanizing agent comprising sulfur and at least one accelerator, and a scorch modifier are provided herein.

A hard mask-forming composition which forms a hard mask used in lithography, including: a resin containing an aromatic ring and a polar group; and a compound containing at least one of an oxazine ring fused to an aromatic ring, and a fluorene ring.

A run flat tire having improved run flat durability is provided. The run flat tire has a side wall part reinforced by a side reinforcing rubber part, and the side reinforcing rubber part is formed by a rubber composition which comprises 100 parts by mass of a diene rubber containing natural rubber and polybutadiene rubber, and from 0.1 to 4.0 parts by mass of a mercaptobenzimidazole compound.