Curable homopolymers formed from monomers having two 2-naphthol moieties are useful as underlayers in semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Polymer/carbon nanotube composites made up of melamine, aldehyde, diaminoalkane monomeric units and carbon nanotubes having activated carbonyl groups. A method for removing heavy metals, such as Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater sample with these composites is introduced. A process of synthesizing the polymer/carbon nanotube composites is also described.

Polymer/carbon nanotube composites made up of melamine, aldehyde, diaminoalkane monomeric units and carbon nanotubes having activated carbonyl groups. A method for removing heavy metals, such as Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater sample with these composites is introduced. A process of synthesizing the polymer/carbon nanotube composites is also described.

A use of dicyandiamide is provided as a modifier in a melamine-formaldehyde resin for use in a floor panel including a substrate and a top layer. The top layer defines an upper surface of the floor panel. The floor panel is provided with embossments extending from the upper surface, such that the thickness of the floor panel varies along a cross-section of the floor panel. The top layer has a modified melamine-formaldehyde resin including formaldehyde and melamine in an F/M molar ratio within the range of from 1.60 to 1.80, and at least one modifier, thereby providing a floor panel having improved transparency at the embossments.

A carrier material has a resin layer arranged on a side of the carrier material. The resin layer includes a formaldehyde resin, a polymer selected from a group containing polyacrylates, polyepoxides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and long-chain silanols, and at least one silane-containing compound of general formula (I), R.sub.a SiX.sub.(4-a), and/or the hydrolysis product thereof, where X is H, OH, or a hydrolyzable residue selected from the group comprising halogen, alkoxy, carboxy, amino, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylcarbonyl; R is a non-hydrolyzable organic residue R selected from the group comprising alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, substituted and unsubstituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, which can be interrupted by O or NH; and where R can have a functional group Q selected from a group containing a hydroxy, ether, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, anilino, amide, carboxy, mercapto, alkoxy, aldehyde, alkylcarbonyl, epoxide, alkenyl, alkynyl, acryl, acryloxy, methacryl, methacryloxy, cyano, and isocyano group, and a is 0-3.

Polymer/carbon nanotube composites made up of melamine, aldehyde, diaminoalkane monomeric units and carbon nanotubes having activated carbonyl groups. A method for removing heavy metals, such as Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater sample with these composites is introduced. A process of synthesizing the polymer/carbon nanotube composites is also described.

Polymer/carbon nanotube composites made up of melamine, aldehyde, diaminoalkane monomeric units and carbon nanotubes having activated carbonyl groups. A method for removing heavy metals, such as Pb(II) from an aqueous solution or an industrial wastewater sample with these composites is introduced. A process of synthesizing the polymer/carbon nanotube composites is also described.

A carrier material has a resin layer arranged on a side of the carrier material. The resin layer includes a formaldehyde resin, a polymer selected from a group containing polyacrylates, polyepoxides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and long-chain silanols, and at least one silane-containing compound of general formula (I), R.sub.a SiX.sub.(4-a), and/or the hydrolysis product thereof, where X is H, OH, or a hydrolyzable residue selected from the group comprising halogen, alkoxy, carboxy, amino, monoalkylamino or dialkylamino, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkylcarbonyl; R is a non-hydrolyzable organic residue R selected from the group comprising alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, substituted and unsubstituted alkynyl, cycloalkyl, which can be interrupted by O or NH; and where R can have a functional group Q selected from a group containing a hydroxy, ether, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, anilino, amide, carboxy, mercapto, alkoxy, aldehyde, alkylcarbonyl, epoxide, alkenyl, alkynyl, acryl, acryloxy, methacryl, methacryloxy, cyano, and isocyano group, and a is 0-3.

The formaldehyde-free binder for materials containing cellulose contains a hydroxy aldehyde resin polycondensed with an ammonium salt, the resin being obtained, in especially preferred embodiments, from glycerin, in situ, with the aid of hydrogen peroxide. A protein component consisting of animal blood is added. The binder is urea-free and can be used as a one-component or two-component binder. It binds materials such as wood, paper and other natural fibres to form high-quality composite material products.

The formaldehyde-free binder for materials containing cellulose contains a hydroxy aldehyde resin polycondensed with an ammonium salt, the resin being obtained, in especially preferred embodiments, from glycerin, in situ, with the aid of hydrogen peroxide. A protein component consisting of animal blood is added. The binder is urea-free and can be used as a one-component or two-component binder. It binds materials such as wood, paper and other natural fibres to form high-quality composite material products.