High viscosity fracturing fluids for fracturing a subterranean formulation are prepared by: (i) selecting recovered water; (ii) contacting said recovered water with a viscosifying agent, wherein said viscosifying agent is selected from fenugreek gum, tara gum, locust bean gum, guar gum and derivatives of the aforesaid; (iii) contacting said recovered water with one or more other additives for example with a cross-linking agent (A) for cross-linking said viscosifying agent, wherein contact of said recovered water with cross-linking agent (A) takes place when the pH of said recovered water is less than pH 6.5; (iv) adjusting the pH to pH 6.5-8.8.

Methods of mapping a subterranean formation using imploding particles are described. In some cases, the particles contain a material that generated a gas which passes through a water-insoluble coating to create a void within the particle. In some aspects, the implosive particles have a coating that dissolves in the subterranean formation.

A composition for use as a pressure-tolerant dual-crosslinker gel in a fracturing fluid that comprises polymer, the polymer operable to increase the viscosity of a fluid; boron-containing crosslinker, the boron-containing crosslinker operable to crosslink the polymer; and a transition metal oxide additive, the transition metal oxide additive operable to crosslink the polymer.

Compositions and methods for the controlled delivery of acid to a desired location. In some embodiments, methods for in situ acid stimulation of a subterranean formation that contains a hydrocarbon reservoir comprise contacting the formation with an aqueous fluid that comprises (a) an ammonium salt capable of being oxidized to produce acid and (b) an oxidizing agent capable of oxidizing the ammonium salt, where the ammonium salt and oxidizing agent react to produce an acid.

A variety of systems, methods, and compositions are disclosed, including, a method for treating a subterranean formation, the method comprising: injecting a pad fluid into the subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to create at least one fracture in the subterranean formation; injecting a first treatment fluid into the at least one fracture, wherein the first treatment fluid comprises: an aqueous base fluid, and a first proppant particulate; allowing the first proppant particulate to gravitationally migrate into a portion of the at least one fracture; injecting a second treatment fluid into the at least one fracture, wherein the second treatment fluid comprises: a suspension base fluid comprising a viscosity of about 50 cP to about 10,000 cP, and a second proppant particulate; and allowing the fracture to close, thereby forming a full proppant pack and a partial proppant pack in the at least one fracture.

Systems and methods include using a fracture fluid downhole for fracturing a formation. The method includes providing an aqueous solution comprising dissolved solids at a certain ionic strength, and adding a proppant to create a fracture fluid. The method continues by adding a polymeric additive and a surfactant to the fracture fluid, wherein the polymeric additive comprises friction reducing capabilities that can be decreased by the ionic strength present in the fracture fluid (i.e., ionic strength originally found in the water). The addition of the polymeric additive and the surfactant to the fracture fluid creates an enhanced fracture fluid, wherein the surfactant increases the performance of the friction reducing capabilities of the polymeric additive in the enhanced fracture fluid, which provides a more efficient fracturing operation. The method concludes by pumping the enhanced fracture fluid downhole for a more efficient fracture of the formation.

The invention includes a method of extending an oil and gas system effective stimulated reservoir volume by performing the steps of adding a brine resistant silicon dioxide nanoparticle dispersion to oil well treatment fluids. This method is found to increase initial production rates of an oil well by over 20.0% as compared to wells either not treated with the brine resistant silicon dioxide nanoparticle dispersion technology or treated by conventional nano-emulsion surfactants.

A method of providing an optimal surfactant blend to improve waterflood efficiency comprises selecting candidate surfactant blends based on one or more of the following: a reservoir condition; information of a crude oil; information of an injection fluid; or information of a formation fluid, each candidate surfactant blends comprising at least two surfactants, one surfactant having a higher relative affinity for the crude oil than for the injection fluid and at least one surfactant having a higher affinity for the injection fluid than for the crude oil; evaluating phase behavior of the candidate surfactant blends to select surfactant blends that form a Winsor III system with the crude oil and the injection fluid at a reservoir temperature; and evaluating the selected surfactant blends in a porous media to select an optimal surfactant blend which achieves at least an additional 10% crude oil recovery after waterflood.

A water treatment apparatus, system and method including introducing an aqueous fluid into a chamber, the aqueous fluid having a pH below 7 and having an oxidizing agent. Contacting, within the chamber, the aqueous fluid with a corrodible sacrificial material which oxidizes in the presence of the oxidizing agent also reducing the oxidizing agent. Thereafter, adjusting, subsequent contacting the corroding particulate, the pH of the aqueous fluid to above 7.

Provided are compositions, methods, and systems that relate to use of crystallization temperature reduction additives in treatment fluids. A treatment fluid for use in subterranean operations, the treatment fluid comprising: a bromide brine having a first true crystallization temperature; a true crystallization temperature reduction additive, the first true crystallization temperature is the true crystallization temperature of the bromide brine without inclusion of the true crystallization temperature reduction additive; the treatment fluid has a second true crystallization temperature that is lower than the first true crystallization temperature. A method for treating a wellbore, wherein the method comprises: disposing a treatment fluid in the wellbore, wherein the treatment fluid comprises: a bromide brine and a first true crystallization temperature; a true crystallization temperature reduction additive, the treatment fluid has a second true crystallization temperature that is lower than the first true crystallization temperature.