Disclosed herein is an oil dispersant composition that contains an acyl amino acid ionic liquid, a dicationic ionic liquid, a fruit acid ionic liquid, a polyacid ionic liquid, and an ethoxylate oleyl ether ionic liquid. The composition may also be diluted with water. The composition is useful for dispersing an oil spill in a body of water, while being less toxic to the aquatic environment and also acting to stimulate bacterial growth in said aquatic environment.

A functional fluid useful as an emulsion in a cleaning product or a personal care product is the esterification reaction product of a) a triglyceride or a fatty acid or a methyl ester of a fatty acid, and b) an alcohol which comprises b1) a polyglycerol having at least 3 glycerol units (preferably polyglycerol-4), and b2) glycerol and/or diglycerol. The functional fluid is effective as a stabilizer and as an emulsifier for o/w and w/o emulsions. When a triglyceride is used as a reactant, glycerol and fatty acids are generated in situ by an interesterification reaction. Preferred functional fluids provide the significant benefit that they may be mixed into an oil phase and in a water phase before such phases are mixed together, and that such processing may be carried out at ambient temperature.

Drilling fluid compositions include invert emulsion fluids having an oleaginous phase, an aqueous phase, and an emulsifier composition that includes an ethoxylated alcohol compound and a polyaminated fatty acid compound. The ethoxylated alcohol compound has the formula R.sup.1—(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.n—OH, where R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and n is from 1 to 8. The ethoxylated alcohol compound has a Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) of less than or equal to 6. The polyaminated fatty acid compound has the formula R.sup.2—CO—NH—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—N(COR.sup.2)—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—NH—CO—R.sup.3, where R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkylene carboxylate group having formula —R.sup.4—COOH, where R.sup.4 is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Methods of drilling wells include operating a drill in a wellbore in the presence of drilling fluid compositions.

Methods for preparing all-aqueous emulsions, including stable emulsions or emulsions having high viscosity and/or ultra-low interfacial tension are described. The method includes mixing, combining, or contacting a first electrically charged phase containing a first solute (e.g., dispersed phase) with at least a second phase containing a second solute (e.g., continuous phase). The solutes are incompatible with each other. The electrostatic forces between the two phases induce the formation of droplets of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase. The dispersed and continuous phases contain oppositely charged molecules, such as surfactants or other macromolecules and colloids which stabilize the drops of the dispersed phase. Complex coacervation of the oppositely charged molecules or colloids at the interface of the two aqueous phases results in formation of a membrane or barrier which prevents coalescence or aggregation of the droplets. The membrane also prevents leakage of any encapsulated agents from the droplets.

The present invention relates to compositions in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion preferably comprising an aqueous phase, a natural wax, at least two surfactants, and a neutralizing agent.

A surfactant composition for a formed sand including 80 to 99.8 mass % of a compound (A) represented by formula (1); 0.1 to 10 mass % of a compound (B) represented by formula (2); and 0.1 to 10 mass % of an amphoteric surfactant (C):

R.sup.1O-(EO).sub.n—SO.sub.3M.sup.1  (1)

wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbons, EO represents oxyethylene group, n is 1 to 10, and M.sup.1 represents an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, ammonium or an organic ammonium;

R.sup.2O—SO.sub.3M.sup.2  (2)

wherein R.sup.2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbons, and M.sup.2 represents an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, ammonium or an organic ammonium.

In one embodiment, a retarded acid system comprises an aqueous acid and a retarding surfactant. The aqueous acid may comprise from 5 wt. % to 25 wt. % of a strong acid, that is, an acid having a K.sub.a greater than or equal to 0.01. The aqueous acid may further comprise from 75 wt. % to 95 wt. % water. The retarding surfactant may have the general chemical formula R—(OC.sub.2H.sub.4).sub.X—OH where R is a hydrocarbon having from 11 to 15 carbon atoms and x is an integer from 6 to 10. The retarding surfactant may have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance from 8 to 16.

Disclosed herein is a surfactant package comprising a base oil, a mutual solvent, and a surfactant, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates, nonoxynols, fatty acid esters of sorbitol, alkyl ether carboxylic acids, ethoxysulfates, and combinations thereof. Also disclosed herein is a wellbore servicing fluid comprising an aqueous fluid and the surfactant package. The wellbore servicing fluid can be used in a method of servicing a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation. The wellbore servicing fluid has an increased mud removal percentage, is compatible with an OBM and a cementitious fluid, and has reduced environmental impacts. The surfactant package can be added into the wellbore servicing fluid as a single component, which can save storage space and preparation time of the wellbore servicing fluid, thus the surfactant package can be used at a location having limited equipment/tools/space (e.g., an offshore platform). The surfactant package is a homogeneous fluid, which facilitates storage and transportation, and saves preparation time of the wellbore servicing fluid.

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The present disclosure provides a composition. In an embodiment, the composition includes a mixture of an alcohol (1) and an alcohol (2). Alcohol (1) has the Structure (1): alcohol (2) has the Structure (2): wherein a is an integer from 1 to 2, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is 7, and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a pentyl group, and an isopentyl group.

A method for preparing stable liquid emulsion forms of plant extract is provided. A plant extract having a bitter flavor is mixed with diluent oil as an oil mixture and heat is applied to the oil mixture. An emulsifying agent is dispersed in water as an emulsifying solution. The oil mixture is mixed with the emulsifying solution. The mixed oil mixture and emulsifying solution is homogenized as a liquid form of the plant extract. Gluconic acid is added to the liquid form of the plant extract. The bitter flavor of the plant extract is disguised by adding a bitter blocker to the liquid form of the plant extract.