A retractable center feed injection device can be employed to feed residual oil into a coke drum as part of a delayed coking process. The retractable center feed injection device can include a housing within which the injection nozzle slides between an extended and a retracted position. A feed inlet is positioned on an opposite side of the coke drum from the retractable center feed injection device. When in the extended position, the injection nozzle can couple with the feed inlet and thereby form an extension of the feed inlet into the center of the coke drum. In this way, the residual oil never flows through the housing.

A retractable center feed injection device can be employed to feed residual oil into a coke drum as part of a delayed coking process. The retractable center feed injection device can include a housing within which the injection nozzle slides between an extended and a retracted position. A feed inlet is positioned on an opposite side of the coke drum from the retractable center feed injection device. When in the extended position, the injection nozzle can couple with the feed inlet and thereby form an extension of the feed inlet into the center of the coke drum. In this way, the residual oil never flows through the housing.

Provided is a carbonizing furnace capable of improving combustion efficiency of combustible gas generated by combustion of organic waste and of improving carbonization efficiency of organic waste by appropriately controlling the temperature of carbide. Provided is a pyrolytic furnace in which heating gas can be suppressed from outflowing to the outside from a gap between the upper surface of the body part of the pyrolytic furnace and the outer circumferential surface of a reaction tube where a pyrolysis reaction between carbide and a gasification agent is caused, and in which the temperature of a region where the pyrolysis reaction is caused can be suppressed from being reduced. Provided is a water gas generation system which improves thermal efficiency without using a dedicated heat source for generating water steam to be used as a gasification agent for carbide, promotes a pyrolysis reaction, and thereby, achieves the excellent heat efficiency. Provided are a hydrogen gas generation system and a power generation system which use water gas generated by a water gas generation system including a carbonizing furnace and a pyrolytic furnace and which have excellent productivity. Provided is a carbonizing furnace which improves combustion efficiency by controlling the supply amount of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace according to the temperature of combustion gas in the carbonizing furnace, and which improves carbonization efficiency by controlling the discharge amount of carbide to be discharged to the outside according to the temperature of carbide or the deposit amount of organic waste in the carbonizing furnace, to make the temperature of carbide appropriate, and by controlling the temperature of air being supplied to the carbonizing furnace. In addition, provided is a pyrolytic furnace which blocks outflow of heating gas or water gas by providing seal portions at the attachment positions of a body part, a reaction tube, and a water gas outlet part, etc. of the pyrolytic furnace, and which maintains a pyrolysis reaction temperature by providing a pyrolysis promoting mechanism to the reaction tube. Provided is a water gas generation system which has excellent thermal efficiency and in which a combustion gas flow path is formed so as to allow combustion gas generated by a carbonizing furnace to flow through a carbonizing furnace, a pyrolytic furnace, a steam superheater, a steam generator, a dryer, and the like. Provided is a hydrogen gas generation system or a power generation system formed by combining the water gas generation system with a hydrogen purifying apparatus or a power generation equipment.

This disclosure relates to a shut-off valve, in particular a pipe-bridge slide valve, for a coking drum for the production of coke, having at least one pipe socket which has a first end for connection to the coking drum and a second end on which a slider is arranged for opening and closing the coking drum, wherein the pipe socket has a supply connection for filling the coking drum with a medium and a diaphragm which is arranged between the supply connection and the first end of the pipe socket and can be moved into a filling position and into an emptying position, wherein, in the filling position, a diaphragm opening is arranged in the region of the central longitudinal axis of the pipe socket for introducing the medium centrally into the coking drum, and, in the emptying position, the diaphragm opening has a larger passage area than in the filling position.

A pyrolysis reactor system includes a reactor and a contactor mounted above the reactor. The reactor has a shell, an inlet and an outlet. A central shaft runs along its axis and supports agitation blades in a counter-helical arrangement, and an auger. Rotation of the auger in one direction feeds feedstock into the vessel, and in the opposite direction removes char at the end of a batch. The contactor includes four elements with a frusto-conical part supported on vertical support arms, and being connected to a disc by legs. The contactor elements allow short chains to pass through apertures while long chains condense on their surfaces or on the vessel wall surface. There is dynamic tuning of carbon number of gases flowing downstream by active temperature and pressure control at the contactor.

A pyrolysis reactor system includes a reactor and a contactor mounted above the reactor. The reactor has a shell, an inlet and an outlet. A central shaft runs along its axis and supports agitation blades in a counter-helical arrangement, and an auger. Rotation of the auger in one direction feeds feedstock into the vessel, and in the opposite direction removes char at the end of a batch. The contactor includes four elements with a frusto-conical part supported on vertical support arms, and being connected to a disc by legs. The contactor elements allow short chains to pass through apertures while long chains condense on their surfaces or on the vessel wall surface. There is dynamic tuning of carbon number of gases flowing downstream by active temperature and pressure control at the contactor.

A waste incinerator, in a vertical structure and including from the top down: a drying section, a destructive distillation section, a reduction section, and a combustion section. The combustion section includes: two layers of grate bars, a first combustion layer, a second combustion layer, and a third combustion layer. The heat produced from the combustion in the combustion section is used to heat the carbide in the reduction section. The heated carbide reduces CO.sub.2 produced in the combustion into CO (coal gas). The coal gas ascends to the destructive distillation section through the ambient coal gas chamber to heat and destructively distillate the waste to produce the pyrogenic coal gas and the carbide. The carbide drops to the combustion section for combustion, and the pyrogenic coal gas and the coal gas are collected by the draft fan.

A waste incinerator, in a vertical structure and including from the top down: a drying section, a destructive distillation section, a reduction section, and a combustion section. The combustion section includes: two layers of grate bars, a first combustion layer, a second combustion layer, and a third combustion layer. The heat produced from the combustion in the combustion section is used to heat the carbide in the reduction section. The heated carbide reduces CO.sub.2 produced in the combustion into CO (coal gas). The coal gas ascends to the destructive distillation section through the ambient coal gas chamber to heat and destructively distillate the waste to produce the pyrogenic coal gas and the carbide. The carbide drops to the combustion section for combustion, and the pyrogenic coal gas and the coal gas are collected by the draft fan.

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyrolgneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions

The invention relates to an apparatus for the material treatment of raw materials. The apparatus has a heating system, a distillation unit and a reaction unit to be loaded with the raw materials for treatment. The heating system can be opened and closed to be fitted with the reaction unit. The heating system comprises a top element and a jacket element firmly connected to the top element, and supporting elements. The length of the support elements can be varied in the vertical direction, between two end positions, the heating system can be opened and closed in the vertical direction of movement. The invention further relates to a method for operating an apparatus for the material treatment of raw materials.