The invention has as its object a catalyst that comprises a substrate based on alumina or silica or silica-alumina, at least one element from group VIII, at least one element from group VIB, and an organic compound of formula (I)

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in which R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are selected from among a hydrogen atom, or a hydroxyl radical, or a hydrocarbon radical that comprises from 1 to 12 carbon atoms that can also comprise at least one oxygen atom, and R6 is selected from a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radical that comprises from 1 to 12 carbon atoms that can also comprise at least one oxygen atom, a methacryloyl radical, an acryloyl radical or an acetyl radical. The invention also relates to the method for preparation of said catalyst and its use in a method for hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking.

The invention relates to a process for producing C2 and C3 hydrocarbons, comprising a) subjecting a mixed hydrocarbon carbon stream comprising a middle distillate to first hydrocracking in the presence of a first hydrocracking catalyst to produce a first hydrocracking product stream, b) subjecting a second hydrocracking feed stream to second hydrocracking in the presence of a second hydrocracking catalyst to produce a second hydrocracking product stream, wherein the second hydrocracking is more severe than the first hydrocracking and c) subjecting a C4 hydrocracking feed stream to C4 hydrocracking optimized for converting C4 hydrocarbons into C3 hydrocarbons in the presence of a C4 hydrocracking catalyst to obtain a C4 hydrocracking product stream, wherein the C4 hydrocracking is more severe than the second hydrocracking, wherein the first hydrocracking product stream, the second hydrocracking product stream and the C4 hydrocracking product stream are fed to a separation system which provides the second hydrocracking feed stream separated from the first hydrocracking product stream, the C4 hydrocracking feed stream separated from the second hydrocracking product stream, a first recycle stream to be recycled back to the first hydrocracking, a second recycle stream to be recycled back to the second hydrocracking, a third recycle stream to be recycled back to the C4 hydrocracking, a hydrogen recycle stream of H2 or H2 and C1 to be recycled back to the first hydrocracking, the second hydrocracking and/or the C4 hydrocracking and a C2 and C3 product stream of C3 hydrocarbons, wherein the second hydrocracking feed stream is a stream of C12 hydrocarbons excluding C10-C12 hydrocarbons having di-ring structures, wherein the first recycle stream is a stream of C13+ and C10-C12 hydrocarbons having di-ring structures, wherein the C4 hydrocracking feed stream is a stream of C5, C4 or iC4, wherein the second recycle stream is a stream of C6+, C5+ or nC4+ 30 wherein the third recycle stream is a stream of nC4+ or C4+.

The present invention relates to the process for preparing improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, which exhibit activity as hydrogen transfer agents in any chemical reduction reaction involving the breaking of double bonds and in treatment, hydrotreatment and hydrodisintegration reactions of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils and of cuts and currents derived therefrom. These improved solid hydrogen transfer agents can be supported and not supported on metal oxides such as boehmite, alumina, silica, titania, kaolin and/or mixture thereof, in the presence of reducing agents such as hydrogen, methane, or natural gas. In addition, the application of these improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, it allows to improve properties of the crudes such as viscosity, decrease in the formation of coke, increase in the yield of distillates and in API gravity. These hydrogen transfer agents, being solid, can be reused and recovered from the reaction medium; they also have a thermal stability such that it can carry out reactions at temperatures up to 450 C.

The present invention relates to the process for preparing improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, which exhibit activity as hydrogen transfer agents in any chemical reduction reaction involving the breaking of double bonds and in treatment, hydrotreatment and hydrodisintegration reactions of heavy and extra-heavy crude oils and of cuts and currents derived therefrom. These improved solid hydrogen transfer agents can be supported and not supported on metal oxides such as boehmite, alumina, silica, titania, kaolin and/or mixture thereof, in the presence of reducing agents such as hydrogen, methane, or natural gas. In addition, the application of these improved solid hydrogen transfer agents obtained from a polymer with units containing the structure of naphthalene, phenanthrene or anthracene, it allows to improve properties of the crudes such as viscosity, decrease in the formation of coke, increase in the yield of distillates and in API gravity. These hydrogen transfer agents, being solid, can be reused and recovered from the reaction medium; they also have a thermal stability such that it can carry out reactions at temperatures up to 450 C.

A method of upgrading liquefied waste plastic (LWP) to a mixture of purified hydrocarbons is hereby provided. The method includes the steps of providing a feed including liquefied waste plastic (LWP) and a vacuum gas oil (VGO) stream and/or a heavy gas oil (HGO) stream to form a mixed stream, subjecting the mixed stream to hydrotreatment for removal of impurities and to produce a hydrotreated stream, subjecting the hydrotreated stream to hydrocracking to produce a hydrocracked stream including a mixture of purified hydrocarbons and fractionating the hydrocracked stream.

A process for the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) with low carbon intensity. The jet fuel is produced from the reaction of hydrogen from the electrolysis of water with captured carbon dioxide. The hydrogen and carbon dioxide are reacted to product a stream comprising carbon monoxide. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide are reacted to produce n-alkanes. Alkanes are hydroisomerized to produce sustainable aviation fuel with low carbon intensity.

A process for the hydroprocessing of heavy oils and/or oil residues, the process comprising the step of contacting the heavy oils and/or oil residues with a non-metallised carbonaceous additive in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of from 250 C. to 600 C., wherein at least 80% of the cumulative pore volume of the non-metallised carbonaceous additive arises from pores having a pore size of at least 2 nm, wherein at least 50% of the cumulative pore volume of the non-metallised carbonaceous additive arises from pores having a pore size of at least 5 nm, and/or wherein at least 30% of the cumulative pore volume of the non-metallised carbonaceous additive arises from pores having a pore size of at least 10 nm.

A supported catalyst useful in processes for chemically refining hydrocarbon feedstocks is prepared, the catalyst comprising a metal from Group 6 of the Periodic Table, a metal from Groups 8, 9 or 10 and optionally phosphorous, wherein the metals, and phosphorous when present, are carried on a foraminous carrier or support, the carrier or support, preferably comprises porous alumina having a total pore volume (TPV) of about 0.6 cc/g to about 1.1 cc/g and comprising: (a) equal to or greater than about 78% to about 95% of TPV in pores having a diameter of less than about 200 Angstroms (); (b) greater than about 2% to less than about 19% of the TPV in pores having a diameter of about 200 () to less than about 1000 ; (c) equal to or greater than 3% to less than 12% of the TPV in pores having a diameter equal to or greater than about 1000 ; and (d) a pore mode equal to or greater than about 90 and less than about 160 . Preferably the support exhibits a d50 greater than about 100 and less than about 150 .

A supported catalyst useful in processes for chemically refining hydrocarbon feedstocks is prepared, the catalyst comprising a metal from Group 6 of the Periodic Table, a metal from Groups 8, 9 or 10 and optionally phosphorous, wherein the metals, and phosphorous when present, are carried on a foraminous carrier or support, the carrier or support, preferably comprises porous alumina having a total pore volume (TPV) of about 0.6 cc/g to about 1.1 cc/g and comprising: (a) equal to or greater than about 78% to about 95% of TPV in pores having a diameter of less than about 200 Angstroms (); (b) greater than about 2% to less than about 19% of the TPV in pores having a diameter of about 200 () to less than about 1000 ; (c) equal to or greater than 3% to less than 12% of the TPV in pores having a diameter equal to or greater than about 1000 ; and (d) a pore mode equal to or greater than about 90 and less than about 160 . Preferably the support exhibits a d50 greater than about 100 and less than about 150 .

Processes herein may be used to thermally crack various hydrocarbon feeds, and may eliminate the refinery altogether while making the crude to chemicals process very flexible in terms of crude. In embodiments herein, crude is progressively separated into at least light and heavy fractions. Depending on the quality of the light and heavy fractions, these are routed to one of three upgrading operations, including a fixed bed hydroconversion unit, a fluidized catalytic conversion unit, or a residue hydrocracking unit that may utilize an ebullated bed reactor. Products from the upgrading operations may be used as feed to a steam cracker.