The invention discloses a method for producing bio-fuel (BF) from a high-viscosity biomass using thermo-chemical conversion of the biomass in a production line (10) with pumping means (PM), heating means (HM) and cooling means (CM). The method has the steps of 1) operating the pumping means, the heating means and the cooling means so that the production line is under supercritical fluid conditions (SCF) to induce biomass conversion in a conversion zone (CZ) within the production line, and 2) operating the pumping means so that at least part of the production line is in an oscillatory flow (OF) mode. The invention is advantageous for providing an improved method for producing biofuel from a high-viscosity biomass. This is performed by an advantageous combination of two operating modes: supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions and oscillatory flow (OF).

The present application generally relates to catalytically preparing liquid fuel products with an improved product mix by co-processing a plurality of reactants in in refinery or field-upgrading operations. The reactants may include, for example, petroleum fraction and a biocrude oil having an alcohol additive.

The present technology provides a method to produce hydrocarbon renewable fuels. The method includes hydrodeoxygenating a feed to produce a hydrocarbon product, where the feed includes fatty alcohols and the hydrocarbon product includes C.sub.10-C.sub.12 n-paraffins and a heteroatom oxygen content less than 0.1 wt %.

Disclosed herein is a method and system for converting biomass to biofuel, comprising a reaction apparatus including: a reaction tank configured to hold a process fluid; at least one mechanical rotating device comprising: a submergible chamber configured to operate within process, the submergible chamber having a first section including a first rotatable member and configured to receive biomass feedstock; a second section including a second rotatable member and configured to process biomass feedstock; and a third section including a third rotatable member and configured to treat the processed biomass feedstock effective to convert the processed biomass feedstock; a shaft in operable communication with each of the first, second, and third rotatable members for rotating said rotatable members about an axis; and a drive source for driving the shaft about said axis. Also disclosed herein are kits and methods for using the disclosed system to produce biofuel.

A method is provided involving altering the viscosity of bio-derived paraffins to produce a paraffinic fluid, where the altering step includes chlorinating the bio-derived paraffins; the bio-derived paraffins include a hydrodeoxygenated product produced by hydrodeoxygenating a bio-based feed where the bio-based feed includes bio-derived fatty acids, fatty acid esters, or a combination thereof; the bio-derived paraffins include n-paraffins; and the n-paraffins have a biodegradability of at least 40% after about 23 days of exposure to microorganisms. Also provided are methods of protecting and/or cleaning a substance by applying the paraffinic fluid.

Described is a novel process for disaggregating biomass pyrolysis oil quantitatively into energy dense hydrophobic aromatic fraction (HAF), fermentable pyrolytic sugars and phenolics based products in a highly economical and energy efficient manner. Phase separation of the esterified pyrolysis oil after an oxidative pre-treatment and the quantitative recovery of the separate fractions is described. Phase separation uses batch as well as continuous reactor systems. The resulting HAF is an energy dense, thermally stable, water free, non-corrosive to carbon steel, and is a free flowing liquid suitable for combustion and for upgrading to transportation fuels. Pyrolytic sugars which are mainly anhydrosugars can be further converted by fermentation to ethanol or other products. Monomeric phenols are useful industrial intermediates and the organic acids in the original pyrolysis oil are mainly recovered as esters of the separation solvents.

The present invention relates to a method for reducing deactivation of a hydrotreatment catalyst. The hydrotreatment catalyst is used as a main active catalyst for producing renewable hydrocarbons by hydrotreatment from a renewable feedstock which comprises at least an oxygen containing compound, at least one metal containing compound and at least one phosphorus containing compound as impurities. The method comprising adjusting the metal to phosphorus (M:P) weight ratio of the renewable feedstock to a value within the range from 0.70 to 1.26, measured as elemental metal and elemental phosphorus, subjecting the obtained feedstock to a temperature of from 190 to 400° C. under reducing conditions, thereby forming a solid precipitate comprising at least one metal and phosphorus containing compound, and contacting the obtained liquid renewable feedstock with the main active catalyst, in the presence of hydrogen.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods utilizing regenerative agriculture for the procurement, production, refinement and/or transformation of low carbon intensity transportation fuels, including low carbon intensity biodiesel and/or renewable diesel, low carbon intensity biogasoline, low carbon intensity aviation, marine and kerosene fuels as well as fuel oil blends, low carbon intensity ethanol, and low carbon intensity hydrogen, that may be beneficially commercialized directly to consumers. In further aspects, the systems and methods of the present disclosure advantageously generate low carbon intensity comestibles, including sustainably-sourced meal and/or feed. The disclosed systems and methods may be utilized and optimized such that the resulting fuels and foodstuffs are characterized by a reduction in greenhouse gas production and a diminution in the fertilizer, pesticide and water required for producing the associated crop feedstocks.

A method for converting an alcohol to a hydrocarbon, the method comprising contacting said alcohol with a metal-loaded zeolite catalyst at a temperature of at least 100° C. and up to 550° C., wherein said alcohol can be produced by a fermentation process, said metal is a positively-charged metal ion, and said metal-loaded zeolite catalyst is catalytically active for converting said alcohol to said hydrocarbon.

The invention discloses a method for producing bio-fuel (BF) from a high-viscosity biomass using thermo-chemical conversion of the biomass in a production line (10) with pumping means (PM), heating means (HM) and cooling means (CM). The method has the steps of 1) operating the pumping means, the heating means and the cooling means so that the production line is under supercritical fluid conditions (SCF) to induce biomass conversion in a conversion zone (CZ) within the production line, and 2) operating the pumping means so that at least part of the production line is in an oscillatory flow (OF) mode. The invention is advantageous for providing an improved method for producing biofuel from a high-viscosity biomass. This is performed by an advantageous combination of two operating modes: supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions and oscillatory flow (OF).